Usability of profile based student authentication and traffic light system in online examinations. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Mariana Lilley; Trevor Barker (ICITST, 2012)

Privacy and usability of image and text based challenge questions authentication in online examination. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Mariana Lilley; Trevor Barker (ICETC, 2014)

Graphical and text based challenge questions for secure and usable authentication in online examinations. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Trevor Barker; Mariana Lilley (ICITST, 2014)

Evaluating security and usability of profile based challenge questions authentication in online examinations. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Trevor Barker; Mariana Lilley (J. Internet Serv. Appl., 2014)

Usability of Activity-Based and Image-Based Challenge Questions in Online Student Authentication. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Trevor Barker (HCI (22), 2015)

A Multi-factor Authentication Method for Security of Online Examinations. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Trevor Barker (SGIoT, 2018)

A study into the usability and security implications of text and image based challenge questions in the context of online examination. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Trevor Barker (Educ. Inf. Technol., 2019)

A Dynamic Profile Questions Approach to Mitigate Impersonation in Online Examinations. - Abrar Ullah; Hannan Xiao; Trevor Barker (J. Grid Comput., 2019)

Optimal Clustering in Wireless Sensor Networks for the Internet of Things Based on Memetic Algorithm: memeWSN. - Masood Ahmad; Babar Shah; Abrar Ullah; Fernando Moreira; Omar Alfandi; Gohar Ali; Abdul Hameed (Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput., 2021)

Scientific Mapping of Industry 4.0 Research: A Bibliometric Analysis. - Huma Sikandar; Yamunah Vaicondam; Nohman Khan; Muhammad Imran Qureshi; Abrar Ullah (Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol., 2021)

A deep learning system for health care IoT and smartphone malware detection. - Muhammad Amin; Duri Shehwar; Abrar Ullah; Teresa Guarda; Tamleek Ali Tanveer; Sajid Anwar (Neural Comput. Appl., 2022)

Impact of data smoothing on semantic segmentation. - Nuhman ul Haq; Zia ur Rehman 001; Ahmad Khan 002; Ahmad Din; Sajid Shah; Abrar Ullah; Fawad Qayum (Neural Comput. Appl., 2022)

The Capabilities, Challenges, and Resilience of Digital Learning as a Tool for Education During the COVID-19. - Muhammad Yasir; Abrar Ullah; Muhammad Siddique; Zeeshan Hamid; Nohman Khan (Int. J. Interact. Mob. Technol., 2022)

Stick: An End-to-End Encryption Protocol Tailored for Social Network Platforms. - Omar Basem; Abrar Ullah; Hani Ragab Hassen (IEEE Trans. Dependable Secur. Comput., 2023)

Knowledge Graph Enhanced Contextualized Attention-Based Network for Responsible User-Specific Recommendation. - Ehsan Elahi; Sajid Anwar; Babar Shah; Zahid Halim; Abrar Ullah; Imad Rida; Muhammad Waqas 001 (ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol., 2024)

Evaluating significant features in context-aware multimodal emotion recognition with XAI methods. - Aaishwarya Khalane; Rikesh Makwana; Talal Shaikh; Abrar Ullah (Expert Syst. J. Knowl. Eng., 2025)

Improving paraphrase generation using supervised neural-based statistical machine translation framework. - Abdur Razaq; Babar Shah; Gohar Khan; Omar Alfandi; Abrar Ullah; Zahid Halim; Atta Ur Rahman 002 (Neural Comput. Appl., 2025)