π0: A Vision-Language-Action Flow Model for General Robot Control. - Kevin Black; Noah Brown; Danny Driess; Adnan Esmail; Michael Equi; Chelsea Finn; Niccolo Fusai; Lachy Groom; Karol Hausman; Brian Ichter; Szymon Jakubczak; Tim Jones; et al. (CoRR, 2024)

Hi Robot: Open-Ended Instruction Following with Hierarchical Vision-Language-Action Models. - Lucy Xiaoyang Shi; Brian Ichter; Michael Equi; Liyiming Ke; Karl Pertsch; Quan Vuong; James Tanner; Anna Walling; Haohuan Wang; Niccolo Fusai; Adrian Li-Bell; Danny Driess; et al. (CoRR, 2025)

π0.5: a Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalization. - Physical Intelligence; Kevin Black; Noah Brown; James Darpinian; Karan Dhabalia; Danny Driess; Adnan Esmail; Michael Equi; Chelsea Finn; Niccolo Fusai; Manuel Y. Galliker; Dibya Ghosh; et al. (CoRR, 2025)

Knowledge Insulating Vision-Language-Action Models: Train Fast, Run Fast, Generalize Better. - Danny Driess; Jost Tobias Springenberg; Brian Ichter; Lili Yu; Adrian Li-Bell; Karl Pertsch; Allen Z. Ren; Homer Walke; Quan Vuong; Lucy Xiaoyang Shi; Sergey Levine (CoRR, 2025)