DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report. - DeepSeek-AI; Aixin Liu; Bei Feng; Bing Xue; Bingxuan Wang; Bochao Wu; Chengda Lu; Chenggang Zhao; Chengqi Deng; Chenyu Zhang; Chong Ruan; Damai Dai; et al. (CoRR, 2024)

DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning. - DeepSeek-AI; Daya Guo; Dejian Yang; Haowei Zhang; Junxiao Song; Ruoyu Zhang; Runxin Xu; Qihao Zhu; Shirong Ma; Peiyi Wang; Xiao Bi; Xiaokang Zhang; et al. (CoRR, 2025)