Value Driven Outcomes (VDO): a pragmatic, modular, and extensible software framework for understanding and improving health care costs and outcomes. - Kensaku Kawamoto; Cary J. Martin; Kip Williams; Ming-Chieh Tu; Charlton G. Park; Cheri Hunter; Catherine J. Staes; Bruce E. Bray; Vikrant G. Deshmukh; Reid A. Holbrook; Scott J. Morris; Matthew B. Fedderson; et al. (J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc., 2015)