StoDEMO-PAE: A stochastic derivative-free multi-error-optimized performer autoencoder for air quality anomaly detection and explainable spatiotemporal tracing. - Xiliang Liu; Xiaoying Zhi; Jiashuo Luo; Zhixiang He; Qiang Mei; Tao Zhou; Muyang Liu (GeoInformatica, 2025)