Shortcut learning in medical AI hinders generalization: method for estimating AI model generalization without external data. - Cathy Ong Ly; Balagopal Unnikrishnan; Tony Tadic; Tirth Patel; Joe Duhamel; Sonja Kandel; Yasbanoo Moayedi; Michael Brudno; Andrew Hope; Heather Ross; Chris McIntosh (npj Digit. Medicine, 2024)