AI as an intervention: improving clinical outcomes relies on a causal approach to AI development and validation. - Shalmali Joshi; Iñigo Urteaga; Wouter A. C. van Amsterdam; George Hripcsak; Pierre A. Elias; Benjamin R. C. Amor; Noémie Elhadad; James C. Fackler; Mark P. Sendak; Jenna Wiens; Kaivalya Deshpande; Yoav Wald; et al. (J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc., 2025)