The first lines of divergence in the Bacteria domain were the hyperthermophilic organisms, the Thermotogales and the Aquificales, and not the mesophilic Planctomycetales. - Sacha Barion; Marco Franchi; Enzo Gallori; Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2007)

A discriminative test among the different theories proposed to explain the origin of the genetic code: The coevolution theory finds additional support. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2018)

The key role of the elongation factors in the origin of the organization of the genetic code. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2019)

The phylogenetic distribution of the glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase and Glu-tRNAGln amidotransferase in the fundamental lineages would imply that the ancestor of archaea, that of eukaryotes and LUCA were progenotes. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2020)

LUCA as well as the ancestors of archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes were progenotes: Inference from the distribution and diversity of the reading mechanism of the AUA and AUG codons in the domains of life. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2020)

The late appearance of DNA, the nature of the LUCA and ancestors of the domains of life. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2021)

Errors of the ancestral translation, LUCA, and nature of its direct descendants. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2021)

The evolutionary stages of the complexity of biological catalysts mark and clarify the phases of the origin of the genetic code: A model for the origin of the reading frame with codons from proto-mRNAs with different frames. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2021)

The phylogenetic distribution of the cell division system would not imply a cellular LUCA but a progenotic LUCA. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2021)

The genetic code is very close to a global optimum in a model of its origin taking into account both the partition energy of amino acids and their biosynthetic relationships. - Franco Caldararo; Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2022)

The RNase P, LUCA, the ancestors of the life domains, the progenote, and the tree of life. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2022)

Arguments against the stereochemical theory of the origin of the genetic code. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2022)

The origins of the cell membrane, the progenote, and the universal ancestor (LUCA). - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2022)

The error minimization of the genetic code would have been determined by natural selection and not by a neutral evolution. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2023)

The absence of the evolutionary state of the Prokaryote would imply a polyphyletic origin of proteins and that LUCA, the ancestor of bacteria and that of archaea were progenotes. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2023)

The time of appearance of the genetic code. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2024)

Theories of the origin of the genetic code: Strong corroboration for the coevolution theory. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2024)

The polyphyletic origins of glycyl-tRNA synthetase and lysyl-tRNA synthetase and their implications. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2024)

The existence of the two domains of life, Bacteria and Archaea, would in itself imply that LUCA and the ancestors of these domains were progenotes. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2025)

The genetic code is not universal. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2025)

The origins of ATP synthases, the identity of LUCA, and the progenote. - Massimo Di Giulio (Biosyst., 2025)