Language Models and Smoothing Methods for Collections with Large Variation in Document Length. - Najeeb Abdulmutalib; Norbert Fuhr (DEXA Workshops, 2008)

Language Models, Smoothing, and IDF Weighting. - Najeeb Abdulmutalib; Norbert Fuhr (LWA, 2010)

Language models and smoothing methods for information retrieval. - Najeeb Abdulmutalib (2010)