Gestalt system of holistic graphics: New management support view of MCDM. - Eero Kasanen; Ralf Östermark; Milan Zeleny (Comput. Oper. Res., 1991)

Parallel Implementation of a VARMAX Algorithm. - Ralf Östermark; Martin Saarinen (Parallel Comput., 1994)

A fuzzy control model (FCM) for dynamic portfolio management. - Ralf Östermark (Fuzzy Sets Syst., 1996)

A flexible multicomputer algorithm for artificial neural networks. - Ralf Östermark (Neural Networks, 1996)

Separating trend and cyclical dynamics in state space models with exogenous inputs. - Ralf Östermark (Stat. Comput., 1996)

Temporal interdependence in fuzzy MCDM problems. - Ralf Östermark (Fuzzy Sets Syst., 1997)

Call option pricing and replication under economic friction. - Ralf Östermark (Eur. J. Oper. Res., 1998)

Addressing the multigroup discriminant problem using multivariate statistics and mathematical programming. - Ralf Östermark; Rune Höglund (Eur. J. Oper. Res., 1998)

Solving a nonlinear non-convex trim loss problem with a genetic hybrid algorithm. - Ralf Östermark (Comput. Oper. Res., 1999)

A fuzzy neural network algorithm for multigroup classification. - Ralf Östermark (Fuzzy Sets Syst., 1999)

Structural modelling of global capital asset pricing. - Ralf Östermark (Int. J. Syst. Sci., 1999)

Comparing the causality patterns between some Scandinavian stock returns and global return factors. - Ralf Östermark; Jaana Aaltonen (Int. J. Syst. Sci., 1999)

A Neuro-Genetic Algorithm for Heteroskedastic Time-Series Processes Empirical Tests on Global Asset Returns. - Ralf Östermark (Soft Comput., 1999)

A flexible multicomputer algorithm for elementary matrix operations. - Ralf Östermark (Comput. Oper. Res., 2000)

A hybrid genetic fuzzy neural network algorithm designed for classification problems involving several groups. - Ralf Östermark (Fuzzy Sets Syst., 2000)

Multivariate cointegration analysis of the Finnish-Japanese stock markets. - Ralf Östermark (Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2001)

A fuzzy linear basis algorithm for nonlinear separable programming problems. - Pei-Zhuang Wang; Ralf Östermark; Rajan Alex; Shaohua Tan (Fuzzy Sets Syst., 2001)

Using fuzzy bases to resolve nonlinear programming problems. - Pei-Zhuang Wang; Ralf Östermark; Rajan Alex; Shaohua Tan (Fuzzy Sets Syst., 2001)

Polyhedral representation of fuzzy linear bases. - Pei-Zhuang Wang; Ralf Östermark; Rajan Alex; Shaohua Tan (Soft Comput., 2001)

An algorithm to solve a two variable linear programming problem. - Pei-Zhuang Wang; Rajan Alex; Ralf Östermark; Alex Jiang (J. Comput. Sci. Coll., 2002)

Automatic detection of parsimony for heteroskedastic time series processes. - Ralf Östermark (Soft Comput., 2002)

A multipurpose parallel genetic hybrid algorithm for non-linear non-convex programming problems. - Ralf Östermark (Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2004)

A flexible platform for mixed-integer non-linear programming problems. - Ralf Östermark (Kybernetes, 2007)

Scalability of the genetic hybrid algorithm on a parallel supercomputer. - Ralf Östermark (Kybernetes, 2008)

A fuzzy vector valued KNN-algorithm for automatic outlier detection. - Ralf Östermark (Appl. Soft Comput., 2009)

Concurrent processing of mixed-integer non-linear programming problems. - Ralf Östermark (Kybernetes, 2009)

Geno-mathematical identification of the multi-layer perceptron. - Ralf Östermark (Neural Comput. Appl., 2009)

Genetic hybrid tuning of VARMAX and state space algorithms. - Ralf Östermark (Soft Comput., 2010)

Hedging with options and cardinality constraints in multi-period portfolio management systems. - Ralf Östermark (Kybernetes, 2011)

Incorporating asset growth potential and bear market safety switches in international portfolio decisions. - Ralf Östermark (Appl. Soft Comput., 2012)

Solving difficult mixed integer and disjunctive non-linear problems on single and parallel processors. - Ralf Östermark (Appl. Soft Comput., 2014)

A parallel fuzzy GMM-algorithm for approximate VGARCH-modeling with a multi-modal discontinuous merit function. - Ralf Östermark (Fuzzy Sets Syst., 2014)

A parallel algorithm for optimizing the capital structure contingent on maximum value at risk. - Ralf Östermark (Kybernetes, 2015)

Massively parallel processing of recursive multi-period portfolio models. - Ralf Östermark (Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2017)

Copula-based Black-Litterman portfolio optimization. - Maziar Sahamkhadam; Andreas Stephan; Ralf Östermark (Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2022)