Fast scale-invariant lateral lumbar vertebrae detection and segmentation in X-ray images. - Ruhan Sa; William Owens; Raymond Wiegand; Vipin Chaudhary (EMBC, 2016)

Intervertebral disc detection in X-ray images using faster R-CNN. - Ruhan Sa; William Owens; Raymond Wiegand; Mark Studin; Donald Capoferri; Kenneth Barooha; Alexander Greaux; Robert Rattray; Adam Hutton; John Cintineo; Vipin Chaudhary (EMBC, 2017)

Towards an affordable deep learning system: automated intervertebral disc detection in x-ray images. - Ruhan Sa; William Owens; Raymond Wiegand; Vipin Chaudhary (Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging, 2017)

2D pattern matching of frontal plane radiograph to 3D model identifies structural and functional deficiencies of spinal pelvic system in consideration of mechanical spine pain. - Raymond Wiegand (Biomedical Applications in Molecular, Structural, and Functional Imaging, 2019)