Optimizing a vendor managed inventory (VMI) model considering delivering cost in a three-echelon supply chain using two tuned-parameter meta-heuristics. - Javad Sadeghi; Mahziar Taghizadeh; Ahamd Sadeghi; Reza Jahangard; Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam (Int. J. Syst. Assur. Eng. Manag., 2015)