Playing Brains: The Ethical Challenges Posed by Silicon Sentience and Hybrid Intelligence in DishBrain. - Stephen R. Milford; David M. Shaw; Georg Starke (Sci. Eng. Ethics, 2023)

Integrating Multi-Stakeholder Communication into Autonomous Vehicle Trolley Problem. - Stephen R. Milford; Victoria Laxton; Alexey V. Vinel (WiMob, 2024)

Various Vulnerabilities in Highway Hierarchies: Applying the UK Highway Code's Hierarchy of Road Users to Autonomous Vehicle Decision-Making. - Stephen R. Milford; Bernice S. Elger; David M. Shaw (Int. J. Technoethics, 2024)

AI Through Ethical Lenses: A Discourse Analysis of Guidelines for AI in Healthcare. - Laura Arbelaez Ossa; Stephen R. Milford; Michael Rost; Anja K. Leist; David M. Shaw; Bernice S. Elger (Sci. Eng. Ethics, 2024)

"All things equal": ethical principles governing why autonomous vehicle experts change or retain their opinions in trolley problems - a qualitative study. - Stephen R. Milford; B. Zara Malgir; Bernice S. Elger; David M. Shaw (Frontiers Robotics AI, 2025)