An Intelligent Web Recommendation System: A Web Usage Mining Approach. - Hiroshi Ishikawa 004; Toshiyuki Nakajima; Tokuyo Mizuhara; Shohei Yokoyama; Junya Nakayama; Manabu Ohta; Kaoru Katayama (ISMIS, 2002)

Synchronic and diachronic hierarchies of living systems. - Toshiyuki Nakajima (Int. J. Gen. Syst., 2004)

Auto-/heterotrophic endosymbiosis evolves in a mature stage of ecosystem development in a microcosm composed of an alga, a bacterium and a ciliate. - Toshiyuki Nakajima; Akiko Sano; Hideaki Matsuoka (Biosyst., 2009)

The impact of interspecific competition on lineage evolution and a rapid peak shift by interdemic genetic mixing in experimental bacterial populations. - Toshiyuki Nakajima (Biosyst., 2012)

Physiological changes of a green alga (Micractinium sp.) involved in an early-stage of association with Tetrahymena thermophila during 5-year microcosm culture. - Arno Germond; Tadao Kunihiro; Masahiro Inouhe; Toshiyuki Nakajima (Biosyst., 2013)

Exploitation or cooperation? Evolution of a host (ciliate)-benefiting alga in a long-term experimental microcosm culture. - Toshiyuki Nakajima; Toshiyuki Matsubara; Yuko Ohta; Daisuke Miyake (Biosyst., 2013)

Differentiation of a free-living alga into forms with ecto- and endosymbiotic associations with heterotrophic organisms in a 5-year microcosm culture. - Toshiyuki Nakajima; Yoshiyuki Fujikawa; Toshiyuki Matsubara; Mimi Karita; Akiko Sano (Biosyst., 2015)

Unification of Epistemic and Ontic Concepts of Information, Probability, and Entropy, Using Cognizers-System Model. - Toshiyuki Nakajima (Entropy, 2019)

Symbiogenesis is driven through hierarchical reorganization of an ecosystem under closed or semi-closed conditions. - Toshiyuki Nakajima (Biosyst., 2021)

Computation by inverse causality: A universal principle to produce symbols for the external reality in living systems. - Toshiyuki Nakajima (Biosyst., 2022)

Unification of Mind and Matter through Hierarchical Extension of Cognition: A New Framework for Adaptation of Living Systems. - Toshiyuki Nakajima (Entropy, 2024)