Inferring LISP Programs From Examples. - David E. Shaw; William R. Swartout; C. Cordell Green (IJCAI, 1975)

A Digitalis Therapy Advisor with Explanations. - William R. Swartout (IJCAI, 1977)

Explaining and Justifying Expert Consulting Programs. - William R. Swartout (IJCAI, 1981)

GIST English Generator. - William R. Swartout (AAAI, 1982)

Using symbolic execution to characterize behavior. - Donald Cohen; William R. Swartout; Robert Balzer (Rapid Prototyping, 1982)

On the Inevitable Interwining of Specification and Implementation. - William R. Swartout; Robert Balzer (Commun. ACM, 1982)

The GIST Behavior Explainer. - William R. Swartout (AAAI, 1983)

XPLAIN: A System for Creating and Explaining Expert Consulting Programs. - William R. Swartout (Artif. Intell., 1983)

Knowledge-based debugging: session summary. - Mark A. Linton; Robert Balzer; R. J. Cunningham; C. Cordell Green; Robert L. Sedlmeyer; Elliott Solloway; William R. Swartout; Pamela Zave (SIGSOFT, 1983)

Explainable (and Maintainable) Expert Systems. - Robert Neches; William R. Swartout; Johanna D. Moore (IJCAI, 1985)

User Modelling. - Derek H. Sleeman; Douglas E. Appelt; Kurt Konolige; Elaine Rich; N. S. Sridharan; William R. Swartout (IJCAI, 1985)

Enhanced Maintenance and Explanation of Expert Systems Through Explicit Models of Their Development. - Robert Neches; William R. Swartout; Johanna D. Moore (IEEE Trans. Software Eng., 1985)

Towards Explicit Integration of Knowledge in Expert Systems: An Analysis of MYCIN's Therapy Selection Algorithm. - Jack Mostow; William R. Swartout (AAAI, 1986)

The Shifting Terminological Space: An Impediment to Evolvability. - William R. Swartout; Robert Neches (AAAI, 1986)

Explanation: A Source of Guidance for Knowledge Representation. - William R. Swartout; Stephen W. Smoliar (Knowledge Representation and Organization in Machine Learning, 1987)

DARPA Santa Cruz Workshop on Planning. - William R. Swartout (AI Mag., 1988)

A Reactive Approach to Explanation. - Johanna D. Moore; William R. Swartout (IJCAI, 1989)

Toward a Rapid Prototyping Environment for Expert Systems. - William R. Swartout (GWAI, 1989)

Pointing: A Way Toward Explanation Dialogue. - Johanna D. Moore; William R. Swartout (AAAI, 1990)

Using Terminological Logics in a Problem Solver. - William R. Swartout (Description Logics, 1991)

Enabling Technology for Knowledge Sharing. - Robert Neches; Richard Fikes; Timothy W. Finin; Thomas R. Gruber; Ramesh S. Patil; Ted E. Senator; William R. Swartout (AI Mag., 1991)

Explanations in Knowledge Systems: the Role of Explicit Representation of Design Knowledge. - B. Chandrasekaran 001; William R. Swartout (IEEE Expert, 1991)

Explanations in Knowledge Systems: Design for Explainable Expert Systems. - William R. Swartout; Cécile Paris; Johanna D. Moore (IEEE Expert, 1991)

Future Directions in Knowledge-Based Systems. - William R. Swartout (ACM Comput. Surv., 1996)

Bridging Science and Applications (Panel). - Jude W. Shavlik; Lawrence Birnbaum; William R. Swartout; Eric Horvitz; Barbara Hayes-Roth (IUI, 1999)

Ontologies. - William R. Swartout; Austin Tate (IEEE Intell. Syst., 1999)

Building and (re)using an ontology of air campaign planning. - André Valente; Thomas Russ; Rob MacGregor; William R. Swartout (IEEE Intell. Syst., 1999)

Toward the holodeck: integrating graphics, sound, character and story. - Randall W. Hill Jr.; Jonathan Gratch; W. Lewis Johnson; Chris Kyriakakis; Catherine LaBore; Richard Lindheim; Stacy Marsella; David Miraglia; Ben Moore; Jackie Morie; Jeff Rickel; Marcus Thiébaux; et al. (Agents, 2001)

Tutorial 5: Virtual Reality for Fun and Profit. - Carolina Cruz-Neira; William R. Swartout; Michael R. Macedonia (VR, 2001)

Forging a New Simulation Technology at the ICT. - Richard Lindheim; William R. Swartout (Computer, 2001)

Toward a New Generation of Virtual Humans for Interactive Experiences. - Jeff Rickel; Stacy Marsella; Jonathan Gratch; Randall W. Hill Jr.; David R. Traum; William R. Swartout (IEEE Intell. Syst., 2002)

Hollywood Meets Simulation: Creating Immersive Training Environments at the ICT. - Jonathan Gratch; Paul E. Debevec; Dick Lindheim; Frédéric H. Pighin; Jeff Rickel; William R. Swartout; David R. Traum; Jackie Morie (VR, 2003)

Making a game of system design. - William R. Swartout; Michael van Lent (Commun. ACM, 2003)

FlatWorld: Combining Hollywood Set-Design Techniques with VR. - Jarrell Pair; Ulrich Neumann; Diane Piepol; William R. Swartout (IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 2003)

Virtual Humans in the Mission Rehearsal Exercise System. - Randall W. Hill Jr.; Jonathan Gratch; Stacy Marsella; Jeff Rickel; William R. Swartout; David R. Traum (Künstliche Intell., 2003)

Towards Virtual Humans. - William R. Swartout; Jonathan Gratch; Randall W. Hill Jr.; Eduard H. Hovy; Stacy Marsella; Jeff Rickel; David R. Traum (AAAI Technical Report (1), 2004)

Building Better Systems for Learning and Training: Bringing the Entertainment Industry and Simulation Technology Together. - William R. Swartout (ICEC, 2004)

Fight, Flight, or Negotiate: Believable Strategies for Conversing Under Crisis. - David R. Traum; William R. Swartout; Stacy Marsella; Jonathan Gratch (IVA, 2005)

Virtual humans: lessons learned in integrating a large-scale AI project. - William R. Swartout (ASE, 2005)

Dealing with Doctors: A Virtual Human for Non-team Interaction. - David R. Traum; William R. Swartout; Jonathan Gratch; Stacy Marsella; Patrick G. Kenny; Eduard H. Hovy; Shri Narayanan; Ed Fast; Bilyana Martinovski; Rahul Baghat; Susan Robinson; Andrew Marshall; et al. (SIGDIAL Workshop, 2005)

Virtual Humans. - William R. Swartout (AAAI, 2006)

Simulators for human-oriented training. - William R. Swartout (WSC, 2006)

Toward Virtual Humans. - William R. Swartout; Jonathan Gratch; Randall W. Hill Jr.; Eduard H. Hovy; Stacy Marsella; Jeff Rickel; David R. Traum (AI Mag., 2006)

Teaching Negotiation Skills through Practice and Reflection with Virtual Humans. - Mark G. Core; David R. Traum; H. Chad Lane; William R. Swartout; Jonathan Gratch; Michael van Lent; Stacy Marsella (Simul., 2006)

The More the Merrier: Multi-Party Negotiation with Virtual Humans. - Patrick G. Kenny; Arno Hartholt; Jonathan Gratch; David R. Traum; Stacy Marsella; William R. Swartout (AAAI, 2007)

Games: Once More, with Feeling. - Michael van Lent; William R. Swartout (Computer, 2007)

Ada and Grace: Toward Realistic and Engaging Virtual Museum Guides. - William R. Swartout; David R. Traum; Ron Artstein; Dan Noren; Paul E. Debevec; Kerry Bronnenkant; Josh Williams; Anton Leuski; Shrikanth S. Narayanan; Diane Piepol (IVA, 2010)

Virtual Museum Guides demonstration. - William R. Swartout; David R. Traum; Ron Artstein; Dan Noren; Paul E. Debevec; Kerry Bronnenkant; Josh Williams; Anton Leuski; Shrikanth S. Narayanan; Diane Piepol; H. Chad Lane; Jackie Morie; et al. (SLT, 2010)

Lessons Learned from Virtual Humans. - William R. Swartout (AI Mag., 2010)

Intelligent Tutoring Goes to the Museum in the Big City: A Pedagogical Agent for Informal Science Education. - H. Chad Lane; Dan Noren; Daniel Auerbach; Mike Birch; William R. Swartout (AIED, 2011)

Ada and Grace: Direct Interaction with Museum Visitors. - David R. Traum; Priti Aggarwal; Ron Artstein; Susan Foutz; Jillian Gerten; Athanasios Katsamanis; Anton Leuski; Dan Noren; William R. Swartout (IVA, 2012)

The Effects of a Pedagogical Agent for Informal Science Education on Learner Behaviors and Self-efficacy. - H. Chad Lane; Clara Cahill; Susan Foutz; Daniel Auerbach; Dan Noren; Catherine Lussenhop; William R. Swartout (AIED, 2013)

Virtual Humans for Learning. - William R. Swartout; Ron Artstein; Eric Forbell; Susan Foutz; H. Chad Lane; Belinda Lange; Jacquelyn Ford Morie; Skip Rizzo; David R. Traum (AI Mag., 2013)

Time-offset interaction with a holocaust survivor. - Ron Artstein; David R. Traum; Oleg Alexander; Anton Leuski; Andrew Jones 001; Kallirroi Georgila; Paul E. Debevec; William R. Swartout; Heather Maio; Stephen Smith (IUI, 2014)

New Dimensions in Testimony: Digitally Preserving a Holocaust Survivor's Interactive Storytelling. - David R. Traum; Andrew Jones 001; Kia Hays; Heather Maio; Oleg Alexander; Ron Artstein; Paul E. Debevec; Alesia Gainer; Kallirroi Georgila; Kathleen Haase; Karen Jungblut; Anton Leuski; et al. (ICIDS, 2015)

Designing a Personal Assistant for Life-Long Learning (PAL3). - William R. Swartout; Benjamin D. Nye; Arno Hartholt; Adam Reilly; Arthur C. Graesser; Kurt VanLehn; Jon Wetzel; Matt Liewer; Fabrizio Morbini; Brent Morgan; Lijia Wang; Grace Benn; et al. (FLAIRS, 2016)

Virtual Humans as Centaurs: Melding Real and Virtual. - William R. Swartout (HCI (10), 2016)

Mitigating Knowledge Decay from Instruction with Voluntary Use of an Adaptive Learning System. - Andrew J. Hampton; Benjamin D. Nye; Philip I. Pavlik; William R. Swartout; Arthur C. Graesser; Joseph Gunderson (AIED (2), 2018)

OpenTutor: Designing a Rapid-Authored Tutor that Learns as you Grade. - Benjamin D. Nye; Rushit Sanghrajka; Vinit Bodhwani; Martin Acob; Daniel Budziwojski; Kayla Carr; Larry Kirshner; William R. Swartout (FLAIRS, 2021)

Can Virtual Agents Scale Up Mentoring?: Insights from College Students' Experiences Using the CareerFair.ai Platform at an American Hispanic-Serving Institution. - Yuko Okado; Benjamin D. Nye; Angelica Aguirre; William R. Swartout (AIED, 2023)

Usability and Preferences for a Personalized Adaptive Learning System for AI Upskilling. - Mark G. Core; Benjamin Nye; Kayla Carr; Shirley Li; Aaron Shiel; Daniel Auerbach; Andrew Leeds; William R. Swartout (FLAIRS, 2025)