Methods: Planned NLM/AHCPR Large-scale Vocabulary Test: Using UMLS Technology to Determine The Extent to Which Controlled Vocabularies Cover Terminology Needed for Health Care and Public Health. - Betsy L. Humphreys; William T. Hole; Alexa T. McCray; J. Michael Fitzmaurice (J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc., 1996)

Beyond synonymy: exploiting the UMLS semantics in mapping vocabularies. - Olivier Bodenreider; Stuart J. Nelson; William T. Hole; H. Florence Chang (AMIA, 1998)

Discovering missed synonymy in a large concept-oriented Metathesaurus. - William T. Hole; Suresh Srinivasan (AMIA, 2000)

Managing Name Ambiguity in the UMLS Metathesaurus. - Laura Roth; William T. Hole (AMIA, 2000)

Making the Marriage: Reconciling Views of Concepts and Meaning in MeSH and the UMLS Metathesaurus. - Stuart J. Nelson; Douglas Johnston; Tammy Powell; William T. Hole (AMIA, 2001)

A semantic normal form for clinical drugs in the UMLS: early experiences with the VANDF. - Stuart J. Nelson; Steven H. Brown; Mark Erlbaum; Nels Olson; Tammy Powell; Brian Carlsen; John S. Carter; Mark S. Tuttle; William T. Hole (AMIA, 2002)

Tracking meaning over time in the UMLS Metathesaurus. - Tammy Powell; Suresh Srinivasan; Stuart J. Nelson; William T. Hole; Laura Roth; Vladimir Olenichev (AMIA, 2002)

Finding UMLS Metathesaurus concepts in MEDLINE. - Suresh Srinivasan; Thomas C. Rindflesch; William T. Hole; Alan R. Aronson; James G. Mork (AMIA, 2002)

Integration of a standard gastrointestinal endoscopy terminology in the UMLS Metathesaurus. - Michele Tringali; William T. Hole; Suresh Srinivasan (AMIA, 2002)

Adding neuronames to the UMLS metathesaurus. - William T. Hole; Suresh Srinivasan (Neuroinformatics, 2003)

Achieving "Source Transparency" in the UMLS® Metathesaurus®. - William T. Hole; Brian A. Carlsen; Mark S. Tuttle; Suresh Srinivasan; Stephanie S. Lipow; Nels E. Olson; David D. Sherertz; Betsy L. Humphreys (MedInfo, 2004)

Research Paper: Integrating SNOMED CT into the UMLS: An Exploration of Different Views of Synonymy and Quality of Editing. - Kin Wah Fung; William T. Hole; Stuart J. Nelson; Suresh Srinivasan; Tammy Powell; Laura Roth (J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc., 2005)

Who is Using the UMLS and How - Insights from the UMLS User Annual Reports. - Kin Wah Fung; William T. Hole; Suresh Srinivasan (AMIA, 2006)

Combining Lexical and Semantic Methods of Inter-terminology Mapping Using the UMLS. - Kin Wah Fung; Olivier Bodenreider; Alan R. Aronson; William T. Hole; Suresh Srinivasan (MedInfo, 2007)