Jacques Savoy

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2018

UniNE at CLEF 2018: Author Masking: Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2018.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes of CLEF 2018, 2018

2017

A simple and efficient algorithm for authorship verification.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2017

Distance measures in author profiling.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2017

Analysis of the Style and the Rhetoric of the American Presidents Over Two Centuries.

[BibT_eX]

Glottometrics, 2017

Author Clustering Using SPATIUM.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 2017 ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, 2017

Catégorisation de textes avec style.

[BibT_eX]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Informations et Applications, 2017

Regroupement d'auteurs : Qui a écrit cet ensemble de romans ?

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Informations et Applications, 2017

Author Clustering with an Adaptive Threshold.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction, 2017

UniNE at CLEF 2017: Author Profiling Reasoning.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes of CLEF 2017, 2017

UniNE at CLEF 2017: Author Clustering.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes of CLEF 2017, 2017

2016

Text representation strategies: An example with the State of the union addresses.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2016

Estimating the probability of an authorship attribution.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2016

UniNE at CLEF 2016: Author Profiling.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes of CLEF 2016, 2016

2015

Report on CLEF 2015: Experimental IR Meets Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Interaction.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Karen Pinel-Sauvagnat

Eric SanJuan

SIGIR Forum, 2015

Comparative evaluation of term selection functions for authorship attribution.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Digit. Scholarsh. Humanit., 2015

Vocabulary Growth Study: An Example with the State of the Union Addresses.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Quant. Linguistics, 2015

Text clustering: An application with the State of the Union addresses.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2015

UniNE at CLEF 2015 Author Identification: Notebook for PAN at CLEF 2015.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes of CLEF 2015, 2015

Authorship Attribution Using Political Speeches.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Recent Contributions to Quantitative Linguistics, 2015

2014

Classification avec style : Une application aux discours gouvernementaux.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the CORIA 2014, 2014

2013

Authorship attribution based on a probabilistic topic model.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2013

Feature selections for authorship attribution.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, 2013

Attribution d'auteur par ensembles de séparateurs.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the CORIA 2013 - Conférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2013

Cultural Heritage in CLEF (CHiC) 2013.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Information Access Evaluation. Multilinguality, Multimodality, and Visualization, 2013

UniNE at CLEF - CHiC 2013.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Mitra Akasereh

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2013 Conference , 2013

The Federalist Papers revisited: A collaborative attribution scheme.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Beyond the Cloud: Rethinking Information Boundaries, 2013

Back to Our Roots for Retrieving Very Short Passages.

[BibT_eX]

Proceedings of the ASSIS&T 2013, 2013

2012

Authorship Attribution Based on Specific Vocabulary.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

ACM Trans. Inf. Syst., 2012

Authorship Attribution: A Comparative Study of Three Text Corpora and Three Languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Quant. Linguistics, 2012

Simple and efficient classification scheme based on specific vocabulary.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Comput. Manag. Sci., 2012

Feature Weighting Strategies in Sentiment Analysis.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Olena Kummer

Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Sentiment Discovery from Affective Data, 2012

HisDoc: Historical Document Analysis, Recognition, and Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 7th Annual International Conference of the Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations, 2012

Etude comparative de stratégies de sélection de prédicteurs pour l'attribution d'auteur.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the CORIA (Conférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications), 2012

Feature Selection in Sentiment Analysis.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Olena Kummer

Proceedings of the CORIA (Conférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications), 2012

UniNE at CLEF 2012.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Mitra Akasereh

Proceedings of the CLEF 2012 Evaluation Labs and Workshop, 2012

2011

Classification Based on Specific Vocabulary.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence, 2011

Searching, Translating and Classifying Information in Cyberspace.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the E-Technologies: Transformation in a Connected World, 2011

Quel est l'auteur de ce roman ?

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2011

Recherche d'information dans un corpus bruité (OCR).

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2011

Information Retrieval Strategies for Digitized Handwritten Medieval Documents.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Information Retrieval Technology, 2011

2010

Information Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Éric Gaussier

Proceedings of the Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition., 2010

Comparative Study of Indexing and Search Strategies for the Hindi, Marathi, and Bengali Languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

ACM Trans. Asian Lang. Inf. Process., 2010

Lexical Analysis of US Political Speeches.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Quant. Linguistics, 2010

Retrieval effectiveness of machine translated queries.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2010

When stopword lists make the difference.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2010

Représentation comparative. Application au discours électoral en Suisse, France et États-Unis.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Document Numérique, 2010

Adapting the tf idf vector-space model to domain specific information retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC), 2010

Opinion Detection by Combining Machine Learning & Linguistic Tools.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 8th NTCIR Workshop Meeting on Evaluation of Information Access Technologies: Information Retrieval, 2010

Stemming Strategies for European Languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Innovative Internet Community Services (I2CS), 2010

Évaluation de modèles de classification automatique appliqués à la détection d'opinions.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2010

2009

Algorithmic stemmers or morphological analysis? An evaluation.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2009

Indexing and searching strategies for the Russian language.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2009

Indexing and stemming approaches for the Czech language.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2009

How effective is Google's translation service in search?

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Commun. ACM, 2009

Comparison Between Manually and Automatically Assigned Descriptors Based on a German Bibliographic Collection.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2009

Persian Language, Is Stemming Efficient?

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2009

Indexation et représentation comparative : application au discours électoral.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2009

Evaluation de diverses stratégies de désambiguïsation lexicale.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2009

UniNE at CLEF-IP 2009.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Multilingual Information Access Evaluation I. Text Retrieval Experiments, 2009

Ad Hoc Retrieval with the Persian Language.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Multilingual Information Access Evaluation I. Text Retrieval Experiments, 2009

UniNE at CLEF 2009: Persian Ad Hoc Retrieval and IP.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2009 Workshop co-located with the 13th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2009) , Corfù, Greece, September 30, 2009

2008

Searching strategies for the Hungarian language.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2008

Searching in Medline: Query expansion and manual indexing evaluation.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2008

Stratégies de recherche dans la blogosphère.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Document Numérique, 2008

UniNE at TREC 2008: Fact and Opinion Retrieval in the Blogsphere.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of The Seventeenth Text REtrieval Conference, 2008

Opinion and Polarity Detection within Far-East Languages in NTCIR-7.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 7th NTCIR Workshop Meeting on Evaluation of Information Access Technologies: Information Retrieval, 2008

Recherche d'informations dans la blogosphère : Défis et premières évaluations.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2008

UniNE at Domain-Specific IR - CLEF 2008: Scientific Data Retrieval: Various Query Expansion Approaches.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2008 Workshop co-located with the 12th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2008) , 2008

UniNE at Domain-Specific IR - CLEF 2008.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Evaluating Systems for Multilingual and Multimodal Information Access, 2008

UniNE at CLEF 2008: TEL, Persian and Robust IR.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2008 Workshop co-located with the 12th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2008) , 2008

UniNE at CLEF 2008: TEL, and Persian IR.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Evaluating Systems for Multilingual and Multimodal Information Access, 2008

2007

Searching strategies for the Bulgarian language.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Retr., 2007

Recherche d'information dans MEDLINE.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Document Numérique, 2007

IR-Specific Searches at TREC 2007: Genomics & Blog Experiments.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of The Sixteenth Text REtrieval Conference, 2007

Why do successful search systems fail for some topics.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 2007 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC), 2007

Selecting Automatically the Best Query Translations.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Computer-Assisted Information Retrieval (Recherche d'Information et ses Applications) - RIAO 2007, 8th International Conference, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, May 30, 2007

Monolingual Experiments with Far-East Languages in NTCIR-6.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 6th NTCIR Workshop Meeting on Evaluation of Information Access Technologies: Information Retrieval, 2007

Considérations sur l'évaluation de la robustesse en recherche d'information.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2007

Domain-Specific IR for German, English and Russian Languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Advances in Multilingual and Multimodal Information Retrieval, 2007

Stemming Approaches for East European Languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2007 Workshop co-located with the 11th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2007), 2007

2006

Report on the TREC 2006 Genomics Experiment.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Fifteenth Text REtrieval Conference, 2006

Light stemming approaches for the French, Portuguese, German and Hungarian languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the 2006 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC), 2006

Dépister efficacement de l'information dans une banque documentaire : L'exemple de MEDLINE.

[BibT_eX]

Proceedings of the Actes du XXIVème Congrès INFORSID, Hammamet, Tunisie, 31 mai, 2006

Un regard statistique sur l'évaluation de performance : L'exemple de CLEF 2005.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2006

UniNE at CLEF 2006: Experiments with Monolingual, Bilingual, Domain-Specific and Robust Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2006 Workshop co-located with the 10th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2006), 2006

Experiments with Monolingual, Bilingual, and Robust Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Evaluation of Multilingual and Multi-modal Information Retrieval, 2006

Statistical and Comparative Evaluation of Various Indexing and Search Models.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Information Retrieval Technology, 2006

2005

Comparative study of monolingual and multilingual search models for use with asian languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

ACM Trans. Asian Lang. Inf. Process., 2005

Bibliographic database access using free-text and controlled vocabulary: an evaluation.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2005

Report on the TREC 2005 Experiment: Genomics Track.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Text REtrieval Conference, 2005

Evaluation of Stemming, Query Expansion and Manual Indexing Approaches for the Genomic Task.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Text REtrieval Conference, 2005

Report on CLIR Task for the NTCIR-5 Evaluation Campaign.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Fifth NTCIR Workshop Meeting on Evaluation of Information Access Technologies: Information Retrieval, 2005

Features Combination for Extracting Gene Functions from MEDLINE.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Laura Perret

Proceedings of the Advances in Information Retrieval, 2005

Indexation manuelle et automatique: une évaluation comparative basée sur un corpus en langue française.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2005

Report on CLEF-2005 Evaluation Campaign: Monolingual, Bilingual and GIRT Information Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2005 Workshop co-located with the 9th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2005), 2005

Monolingual, Bilingual, and GIRT Information Retrieval at CLEF-2005.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Accessing Multilingual Information Repositories, 2005

2004

Combining Multiple Strategies for Effective Monolingual and Cross-Language Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Retr., 2004

Multilingual Information Retrieval with Asian Languages.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Computer-Assisted Information Retrieval (Recherche d'Information et ses Applications), 2004

Report on CLIR Task for the NTCIR-4 Evaluation Campaign.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Fourth NTCIR Workshop on Research in Information Access Technologies Information Retrieval, 2004

Recherche bilingue et multilingue d'information.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the COnférence en Recherche d'Infomations et Applications, 2004

Selection and Merging Strategies for Multilingual Information Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Multilingual Information Access for Text, 2004

Data Fusion for Effective European Monolingual Information Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2004 Workshop co-located with the 8th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2004), 2004

2003

Enhancing retrieval with hyperlinks: A general model based on propositional argumentation systems.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol., 2003

Cross-language information retrieval: experiments based on CLEF 2000 corpora.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2003

Result merging strategies for a current news metasearcher.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

David Hawking

Inf. Process. Manag., 2003

Report on the TREC 2003 Experiment: Genomic and Web Searches.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Laura Perret

Proceedings of The Twelfth Text REtrieval Conference, 2003

Term Proximity Scoring for Keyword-Based Retrieval Systems.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Advances in Information Retrieval, 2003

Report on CLEF-2003 Monolingual Tracks: Fusion of Probabilistic Models for Effective Monolingual Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2003 Workshop co-located with the 7th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2003), 2003

Report on CLEF-2003 Multilingual Tracks.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2003 Workshop co-located with the 7th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2003), 2003

2002

Recherche d'information dans des corpus plurilingues.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Ingénierie des Systèmes d Inf., 2002

Report on the TREC 11 Experiment: Arabic, Named Page and Topic Distillation Searches.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of The Eleventh Text REtrieval Conference, 2002

A Methodology for Collection Selection in Heterogeneous Contexts.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Faïza Abbaci

Michel Beigbeder

Proceedings of the 2002 International Symposium on Information Technology (ITCC 2002), 2002

Report on CLEF 2002 Experiments: Combining Multiple Sources of Evidence.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Advances in Cross-Language Information Retrieval, 2002

2001

Retrieval effectiveness on the web.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 2001

Using Probabilistiv Argumentation System to Search and Classify Web Sites.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

IEEE Data Eng. Bull., 2001

Report on the TREC-10 Experiment: Distributed Collections and Entrypage Searching.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of The Tenth Text REtrieval Conference, 2001

Recherche d'informations dans des sources distribuées.

[BibT_eX]

Faïza Abbaci

Proceedings of the Actes du XIXème Congrès INFORSID, Martigny, Suisse, 24-27 mai, 2001, 2001

Report on CLEF-2001 Experiments.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Working Notes for CLEF 2001 Workshop co-located with the 5th European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2001), 2001

Report on CLEF-2001 Experiments: Effective Combined Query-Translation Approach.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of the Evaluation of Cross-Language Information Retrieval Systems, 2001

Approaches to Collection Selection and Results Merging for Distributed Information Retrieval.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Faïza Abbaci

Proceedings of the 2001 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, 2001

2000

Database merging strategy based on logistic regression.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Anne Le Calvé

Inf. Process. Manag., 2000

Report on the TREC-9 Experiment: Link-based Retrieval and Distributed Collections.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of The Ninth Text REtrieval Conference, 2000

1999

A Stemming Procedure and Stopword List for General French Corpora.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci., 1999

Report on the TREC-8 Experiment: Searching on the Web and in Distributed Collections.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Proceedings of The Eighth Text REtrieval Conference, 1999

1997

Ranking Schemes in Hybrid Boolean Systems: A New Approach.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci., 1997

Statistical inference in retrieval effectiveness evaluation.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 1997

1996

An Extended Vector-Processing Scheme for Searching Information in Hypertext Systems.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 1996

Report on the TREC-5 Experiment: Data Fusion and Collection Fusion.

[BibT_eX]

Anne Le Calvé

Dana Vrajitoru

Proceedings of The Fifth Text REtrieval Conference, 1996

1995

A new probabilistic scheme for information retrieval in hypertext.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

New Rev. Hypermedia Multim., 1995

Report on the TREC-4 Experiment: Combining Probabilistic and Vector-Space Schemes.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Melchior Ndarugendamwo

Dana Vrajitoru

Proceedings of The Fourth Text REtrieval Conference, 1995

1994

A Learning Scheme for Information Retrieval in Hypertext.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 1994

Report on the TREC-3 Experiment: A Learning Scheme in a Vector Space Model.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Melchior Ndarugendamwo

Dana Vrajitoru

Proceedings of The Third Text REtrieval Conference, 1994

1993

Stemming of French Words Based on Grammatical Categories.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci., 1993

Searching Information in Hypertext Systems Using Multiple Sources of Evidence.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Int. J. Man Mach. Stud., 1993

Effectiveness of Information Retrieval Systems Used in a Hypertext Environment.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Hypermedia, 1993

Searching information in legal hypertext systems.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Artif. Intell. Law, 1993

1992

Bayesian Inference Networks and Spreading Activation in Hypertext Systems.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Inf. Process. Manag., 1992

1991

Information Retrieval in Hypertext Systems: an Approach Using Bayesian Networks.

[BibT_eX]

Daniel Desbois

Electron. Publ., 1991

Bayesien Inference networks in hypertext.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

Daniel Desbois

Proceedings of the Computer-Assisted Information Retrieval (Recherche d'Information et ses Applications) - RIAO 1991, 3rd International Conference, Universitad Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain, April 2, 1991

The effect of change on legal applications.

[BibT_eX]

Paul Bratley

Daniel Poulin

Proceedings of the Proceedings of the International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications, 1991

1990

Statistical Behavior of Fast Hashing of Variable-Length Text Strings.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]

SIGIR Forum, 1990

1989

The Electronic Book Ebook3.

[BibT_eX]

[DOI]