Hassan Mathkour

According to our database, Hassan Mathkour authored at least 104 papers between 2000 and 2023.

Collaborative distances:

• Dijkstra number of four.
• Erdős number of four.

2023

Smart systems approach for development of explicit congestion marking and traffic engineering model for Diffserv/MPLS networks.

Mohammed Arafah, Hanan Alhindi, Hassan Mathkour, Mohammed Faisal, Miltiadis D. Lytras

J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput., December, 2023

Facilitating the communication with deaf people: Building a largest Saudi sign language dataset.

Mansour Alsulaiman, Mohammed Faisal, Mohamed Mekhtiche, Mohamed Bencherif, Tariq Bin Saleh Alrayes, Ghulam Muhammad, Hassan Mathkour, Wadood Abdul, Yousef A. Alohali, Mansour Alqahtani, Habib Al-Habib, Hassan Alhalafi, Mohammed Algabri, Muneer A. Al-Hammadi, Hamdi Altaheri, Taha Alfakih

J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci., September, 2023

Transfer Learning for Sentiment Classification Using Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) Model.

Ali Areshey, Hassan Mathkour

Sensors, 2023

Exploring Evaluation Methods for Interpretable Machine Learning: A Survey.

Nourah Alangari, Mohamed El Bachir Menai, Hassan Mathkour, Ibrahim Almosallam

Inf., 2023

Intrinsically Interpretable Gaussian Mixture Model.

Nourah Alangari, Mohamed El Bachir Menai, Hassan Mathkour, Ibrahim Almosallam

Inf., 2023

On the Structure of the Boolean Satisfiability Problem: A Survey.

Tasniem Nasser Al-Yahya, Mohamed El Bachir Menai, Hassan Mathkour

ACM Comput. Surv., 2023

Enabling Two-Way Communication of Deaf Using Saudi Sign Language.

Mohammed Faisal, Mansour Alsulaiman, Mohamed Mekhtiche, Mohamed Abdelkader Bencherif, Mohammed Algabri, Tariq Bin Saleh Alrayes, Ghulam Muhammad, Hassan Mathkour, Wadood Abdul, Yousef A. Alohali, Muneer H. Al-Hammadi, Hamdi Altaheri, Taha Alfakih

IEEE Access, 2023

2022

Spatial Attention-Based 3D Graph Convolutional Neural Network for Sign Language Recognition.

Muneer H. Al-Hammadi, Mohamed Abdelkader Bencherif, Mansour Alsulaiman, Ghulam Muhammad, Mohamed Amine Mekhtiche, Wadood Abdul, Yousef A. Alohali, Tareq S. Alrayes, Hassan Mathkour, Mohammed Faisal, Mohammed Algabri, Hamdi Altaheri, Taha Alfakih, Hamid Ghaleb

Sensors, 2022

A multilayer system to boost the robustness of fingerprint authentication against presentation attacks by fusion with heart-signal.

Rami Mohammad Jomaa, Md. Saiful Islam, Hassan Mathkour, Saad Al-Ahmadi

J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci., 2022

LsHASHq: A string matching algorithm exploiting longer q-gram shifting.

Abdulrakeeb M. Al-Ssulami, Aqil M. Azmi, Hassan Mathkour, Hatim Aboalsamh

Inf. Process. Manag., 2022

Boosting the Performance of CDCL-Based SAT Solvers by Exploiting Backbones and Backdoors.

Tasniem Nasser Al-Yahya, Mohamed El Bachir Menai, Hassan Mathkour

Algorithms, 2022

2021

Deep Learning-Based Detection of Articulatory Features in Arabic and English Speech.

Mohammed Algabri, Hassan Mathkour, Mansour M. Alsulaiman, Mohamed Abdelkader Bencherif

Sensors, 2021

Arabic Sign Language Recognition System Using 2D Hands and Body Skeleton Data.

Mohamed Abdelkader Bencherif, Mohammed Algabri, Mohamed Amine Mekhtiche, Mohammed Faisal, Mansour Alsulaiman, Hassan Mathkour, Muneer H. Al-Hammadi, Hamid Ghaleb

IEEE Access, 2021

2020

End-to-End Deep Learning Fusion of Fingerprint and Electrocardiogram Signals for Presentation Attack Detection.

Rami Mohammad Jomaa, Hassan Mathkour, Yakoub Bazi, Md. Saiful Islam

Sensors, 2020

IoT Botnet Attack Detection Based on Optimized Extreme Gradient Boosting and Feature Selection.

Mnahi Alqahtani, Hassan Mathkour, Mohamed Maher Ben Ismail

Sensors, 2020

Speaker Identification in Different Emotional States in Arabic and English.

Ali Hamid Meftah, Hassan Mathkour, Said Kerrache, Yousef Ajami Alotaibi

IEEE Access, 2020

Towards Deep Object Detection Techniques for Phoneme Recognition.

Mohammed Algabri, Hassan Mathkour, Mohamed Abdelkader Bencherif, Mansour Alsulaiman, Mohamed Amine Mekhtiche

IEEE Access, 2020

Deep Learning-Based Approach for Sign Language Gesture Recognition With Efficient Hand Gesture Representation.

Muneer H. Al-Hammadi, Ghulam Muhammad, Wadood Abdul, Mansour Alsulaiman, Mohamed Abdelkader Bencherif, Tareq S. Alrayes, Hassan Mathkour, Mohamed Amine Mekhtiche

IEEE Access, 2020

Speaker Identification in Different Emotional States.

Ali H. Meftah, Hassan Mathkour, Mustafa A. Qamhan, Yousef Alotaibi

Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Communication Systems, 2020

2019

Dynamic Flying Ant Colony Optimization (DFACO) for Solving the Traveling Salesman Problem.

Fadl Dahan, Khalil M. El Hindi, Hassan Mathkour, Hussien AlSalman

Sensors, 2019

A Genetic-Based Extreme Gradient Boosting Model for Detecting Intrusions in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Mnahi Alqahtani, Abdu Gumaei, Hassan Mathkour, Mohamed Maher Ben Ismail

Sensors, 2019

A Shallow Convolutional Learning Network for Classification of Cancers Based on Copy Number Variations.

Ahmad AlShibli, Hassan Mathkour

Sensors, 2019

Least fresh first cache replacement policy for NDN-based IoT networks.

Maroua Meddeb, Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Thierry Monteil, Khalil Drira, Hassan Mathkour

Pervasive Mob. Comput., 2019

Deep convolutional tree networks.

Abduljawad A. Amory, Ghulam Muhammad, Hassan Mathkour

Future Gener. Comput. Syst., 2019

The cognitive computing turn in education: Prospects and application.

Miltiadis D. Lytras, Anna Visvizi, Ernesto Damiani, Hassan Mathkour

Comput. Hum. Behav., 2019

Continuous improvement of deaf student learning outcomes based on an adaptive learning system and an Academic Advisor Agent.

Salah Hammami, Fahman Saeed, Hassan Mathkour, Mohammed Arafah

Comput. Hum. Behav., 2019

Two-Step Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm Enhancement for QoS-Aware Web Service Selection Problem.

Fadl Dahan, Hassan Mathkour, Mohammed Arafah

IEEE Access, 2019

Deep Tree Net-Vector of Locally Aggregated Descriptor (VLAD) Model.

Abduljawad A. Amory, Ghulam Muhammad, Hassan Mathkour

IEEE Access, 2019

Enhancement of Ant Colony Optimization for QoS-Aware Web Service Selection.

Hashem Alayed, Fadl Dahan, Taha Alfakih, Hassan Mathkour, Mohammed Arafah

IEEE Access, 2019

Towards Personality Classification Through Arabic Handwriting Analysis.

Mohamed A. Mostafa, Muhammad Al-Qurishi, Hassan I. Mathkour

Proceedings of the Research & Innovation Forum 2019, 2019

Instant Adaptation Enrichment Technique to Improve Web Accessibility for Blind Users.

Suliman K. Almasoud, Hassan I. Mathkour

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information System and Data Mining, 2019

2018

ALOE: autonomic locating of obstructing entities in MANETs.

Mohamed Belhassen, Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Hassan Mathkour

J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput., 2018

Innovative services and applications of wireless sensor networks: Research challenges and opportunities.

Miguel J. Torres-Ruiz, Miltiadis D. Lytras, Hassan Mathkour

Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks, 2018

Paradigma: a distributed framework for parallel programming.

Sofien Gannouni, Ameur Touir, Hassan Mathkour

Int. Arab J. Inf. Technol., 2018

I3MS: Intelligent Multi-Sensor Multi-Baseline Mapping System.

Mohammed Faisal, Hassan Mathkour, Mansour Alsulaiman

IEEE Access, 2018

Improved sequential fusion of heart-signal and fingerprint for anti-spoofing.

Rami Mohammad Jomaa, Md. Saiful Islam, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the IEEE 4th International Conference on Identity, 2018

2017

Passive detection of image forgery using DCT and local binary pattern.

Amani A. Alahmadi, Muhammad Hussain, Hatim Aboalsamh, Ghulam Muhammad, George Bebis, Hassan Mathkour

Signal Image Video Process., 2017

Automatic Speaker Recognition for Mobile Forensic Applications.

Mohammed Algabri, Hassan Mathkour, Mohamed Ajami Bencherif, Mansour Alsulaiman, Mohamed Mekhtiche

Mob. Inf. Syst., 2017

An efficient method for significant motifs discovery from multiple DNA sequences.

Abdulrakeeb M. Al-Ssulami, Aqil M. Azmi, Hassan Mathkour

J. Bioinform. Comput. Biol., 2017

Faster string matching based on hashing and bit-parallelism.

Abdulrakeeb M. Al-Ssulami, Hassan Mathkour

Inf. Process. Lett., 2017

BCWB: A P300 Brain-Controlled Web Browser.

Sofien Gannouni, Nourah Alangari, Hassan Mathkour, Hatim Aboalsamh, Kais Belwafi

Int. J. Semantic Web Inf. Syst., 2017

Efficient String Matching Algorithm for Searching Large DNA and Binary Texts.

Abdulrakeeb M. Al-Ssulami, Hassan Mathkour, Mohammed Arafah

Int. J. Semantic Web Inf. Syst., 2017

Wireless vision-based fuzzy controllers for moving object tracking using a quadcopter.

Mohammed Algabri, Hassan Mathkour, Mohamed Amine Mekhtiche, Mohamed Abdelkader Bencherif, Mansour Alsulaiman, Mohammed Arafah, Hamid Ghaleb

Int. J. Distributed Sens. Networks, 2017

An M2M gateway-centric architecture for autonomic healing and optimising of machine-to-machine overlay networks.

Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Hassan Mathkour, Khalil Drira

Int. J. Ad Hoc Ubiquitous Comput., 2017

2016

A novel framework for G/M/1 queuing system based on scheduling-cum-polling mechanism to analyze multiple classes of self-similar and LRD traffic.

Mohsin Iftikhar, Hassan Mathkour, Muhammad Imran, Abdullah Bedaiwi, Athanasios V. Vasilakos

Wirel. Networks, 2016

Autonomous and adaptive beaconing strategy for multi-interfaced wireless mobile nodes.

Rafaa Tahar, Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Hassan Mathkour, Rafik Braham

Wirel. Commun. Mob. Comput., 2016

AntStar: Enhancing Optimization Problems by Integrating an Ant System and A^* Algorithm.

Mohammed Faisal, Hassan Mathkour, Mansour Alsulaiman

Sci. Program., 2016

Innovative Mobile Information Systems: Insights from Gulf Cooperation Countries and All Over the World.

Miltiadis D. Lytras, Hassan Mathkour, Miguel J. Torres-Ruiz

Mob. Inf. Syst., 2016

A GPS-less Framework for Localization and Coverage Maintenance in Wireless Sensor Networks.

Imen Mahjri, Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Khalil Drira, Hassan Mathkour

KSII Trans. Internet Inf. Syst., 2016

An autonomous stereovision-based navigation system (ASNS) for mobile robots.

Khalid Al Mutib, Mohammed Faisal, Muhammad Emaduddin, Mohammed Arafah, Mansour Alsulaiman, Mohamed Mekhtiche, Ramdane Hedjar, Hassan Mathkour, Mohammed Algabri, Mohamed Ajami Bencherif

Intell. Serv. Robotics, 2016

A System for True and False Memory Prediction Based on 2D and 3D Educational Contents and EEG Brain Signals.

Saeed M. Bamatraf, Muhammad Hussain, Hatim A. Aboalsamh, Qazi Emad-ul-Haq, Aamir Saeed Malik, Hafeez Ullah Amin, Hassan Mathkour, Ghulam Muhammad, Hafiz Muhammad Imran

Comput. Intell. Neurosci., 2016

Short-term and long-term memory analysis of learning using 2D and 3D educational contents.

Ghulam Muhammad, Muhammad Hussain, Muneer H. Al-Hammadi, Hatim Aboalsamh, Hassan Mathkour, Amir Malik Saeed

Behav. Inf. Technol., 2016

Virtual reality in learning, collaboration and behaviour: content, systems, strategies, context designs.

Miltiadis D. Lytras, Ernesto Damiani, Hassan Mathkour

Behav. Inf. Technol., 2016

Optimized Gabor features for mass classification in mammography.

Salabat Khan, Muhammad Hussain, Hatim Aboalsamh, Hassan Mathkour, George Bebis, Mohammed Zakariah

Appl. Soft Comput., 2016

VALS: Vehicle-aided location service in urban environment.

Raik Aissaoui, Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Hamid Menouar, Fethi Filali, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2016

2015

Autonomic Obstacle Detection and Avoidance in MANETs Driven by Cartography Enhanced OLSR.

Abdelfettah Belghith, Mohamed Belhassen, Amine Dhraief, Nourelhouda Dougui, Hassan Mathkour

Mob. Inf. Syst., 2015

HCBLS: A Hierarchical Cluster-Based Location Service in Urban Environment.

Raik Aissaoui, Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Hamid Menouar, Hassan Mathkour, Fethi Filali, Adnan A. Abu-Dayya

Mob. Inf. Syst., 2015

PSO-Based Feature Selection for Arabic Text Summarization.

Ahmed M. Al-Zahrani, Hassan Mathkour, Hassan Ismail Abdalla

J. Univers. Comput. Sci., 2015

CHRA: a coloring based hierarchical routing algorithm.

Imen Jemili, Dhouha Ghrab, Amine Dhraief, Abdelfettah Belghith, Bilel Derbel, Ahmad S. Al-Mogren, Hassan Mathkour

J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput., 2015

TrieAMD: a scalable and efficient apriori motif discovery approach.

Isra Al-Turaiki, Ghada Badr, Hassan Mathkour

Int. J. Data Min. Bioinform., 2015

Evaluation of Image Forgery Detection Using Multi-Scale Weber Local Descriptors.

Muhammad Hussain, Sahar Qasem, George Bebis, Ghulam Muhammad, Hatim Aboalsamh, Hassan Mathkour

Int. J. Artif. Intell. Tools, 2015

An emerging - Social and emerging computing enabled philosophical paradigm for collaborative learning systems: Toward high effective next generation learning systems for the knowledge society.

Miltiadis D. Lytras, Hassan I. Mathkour, Hassan Ismail Abdalla, Wadee Al-Halabi, Cornelio Yáñez-Márquez, Sean Wolfgand Matsui Siqueira

Comput. Hum. Behav., 2015

Selection criteria for text mining approaches.

Hussein Hashimi, Alaaeldin Hafez, Hassan Mathkour

Comput. Hum. Behav., 2015

Comparative study of soft computing techniques for mobile robot navigation in an unknown environment.

Mohammed Algabri, Hassan Mathkour, Ramdane Hedjar, Mansour Alsulaiman

Comput. Hum. Behav., 2015

Adaptive e-learning system based on agents and object petri nets (AELS-A/OPN).

Salah Hammami, Hassan Mathkour

Comput. Appl. Eng. Educ., 2015

A system based on 3D and 2D educational contents for true and false memory prediction using EEG signals.

Saeed M. Bamatraf, Muhammad Hussain, Hatim Aboalsamh, Hassan Mathkour, Aamir Saeed Malik, Hafeez Ullah Amin, Ghulam Muhammad, Emad-ul-Haq Qazi

Proceedings of the 7th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, 2015

2014

Data integration using service composition in data service middleware.

Sofien Gannouni, Mutaz Beraka, Hassan Mathkour

Secur. Commun. Networks, 2014

Web Application for an Adaptive Multi-Agent e-Learning System: a Continuous Improvement of e-Content.

Salah Hammami, Hassan Mathkour

J. Web Eng., 2014

The Social Media in Academia and EducationResearch R-evolutions and a Paradox: Advanced Next Generation Social Learning Innovation.

Miltiadis D. Lytras, Hassan Mathkour, Hassan Ismail Abdalla, Cornelio Yáñez-Márquez, Patricia Ordóñez de Pablos

J. Univers. Comput. Sci., 2014

Self-learning Mobile Robot Navigation in Unknown Environment Using Evolutionary Learning.

Mohammed Algabri, Hassan Mathkour, Ramdane Hedjar, Mansour AlSulaiman, Khalid Al Mutib

J. Univers. Comput. Sci., 2014

A Novel Vertical Fragmentation, Replication and Allocation Model in DDBSs.

Hassan Ismail Abdalla, Ali A. Amer, Hassan Mathkour

J. Univers. Comput. Sci., 2014

IncMD: Incremental trie-based structural motif discovery algorithm.

Ghada Hany Badr, Isra Al-Turaiki, Marcel Turcotte, Hassan Mathkour

J. Bioinform. Comput. Biol., 2014

A critical comparison for data sharing approaches.

Sofien Gannouni, Mutaz Beraka, Hassan Mathkour

Int. Arab J. Inf. Technol., 2014

Performance optimality enhancement algorithm in DDBS (POEA).

Hassan Ismail Abdalla, Ali A. Amer, Hassan Mathkour

Comput. Hum. Behav., 2014

Robot localization using extended kalman filter with infrared sensor.

Mohammed Faisal, Ramdane Hedjar, Mansour AlSulaiman, Khalid Al Mutib, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the 11th IEEE/ACS International Conference on Computer Systems and Applications, 2014

2013

Classification and assessment tools for structural motif discovery algorithms.

Ghada Badr, Isra Al-Turaiki, Hassan Mathkour

BMC Bioinform., 2013

Performance analysis of mixed polling schemes with multiple classes of self-similar traffic input to build comprehensive SLAs.

Mohsin Iftikhar, Muhammad Imran, Ghazi Al-Naymat, Mohammed Abdullah Alnuem, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the 38th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, Sydney, Australia, October 21-24, 2013, 2013

The Exact Analysis of Limited Service Polling Systems Combined with Non-preemptive Priority Scheduling under Self-similar Traffic Input.

Mutaz Beraka, Mohsin Iftikhar, Hassan Mathkour, Abdullah Bedaiwi

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Ambient Systems, 2013

2012

Trie-based Apriori Motif Discovery Approach.

Isra Al-Turaiki, Ghada Badr, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the Bioinformatics Research and Applications - 8th International Symposium, 2012

Web service composition: Models and approaches.

Hassan Mathkour, Sofien Gannouni, Mutaz Beraka

Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems, 2012

A content based image retrieval using K-means algorithm.

Abduljawad A. Amory, Rachid Sammouda, Hassan Mathkour, Rami Mohammad Jomaa

Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Digital Information Management, 2012

Applications of Different Web Service Composition Standards.

Mutaz Beraka, Hassan Mathkour, Sofien Gannouni, Hussein Hashimi

Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Cloud and Service Computing, 2012

2010

Distributed Adaptive e-Learning System Based on Multi-Agents Technology and Web-Services.

Salah Hammami, Sarab Al Muhaideb, Hassan Mathkour

Egypt. Comput. Sci. J., 2010

A Temporal Spatial Access Method.

Ameur Touir, Hassan Mathkour, Manan AlMusallam

Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Signal-Image Technology and Internet-Based Systems, 2010

Towards a Distributed Architecture for Adaptive E-Learning System.

Sarab Al Muhaideb, Salah Hammami, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the ICALT 2010, 2010

2009

The Development of a Bilingual Fuzzy Expert System Shell.

Hassan Mathkour, Isra Al-Turaiki, Ameur Touir

J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci., 2009

Formalization and Verification of Relational Database Normal Forms Using the Gamma Framework.

Hassan Mathkour

J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci., 2009

An Empirical Study of a Conversion Methodology from OO-based Systems to Component-based Systems.

Hassan Mathkour, Ameur Touir, Hind Hakami, Ghazy M. R. Assassa

Egypt. Comput. Sci. J., 2009

An Automated Arabic Graphology System: A Theoretical and Empirical Study.

Hassan Mathkour

Egypt. Comput. Sci. J., 2009

A Novel Approach for Hiding Messages in Images.

Hassan Mathkour, Ghazy M. R. Assassa, Abdulaziz Al Muharib, Ibrahim Kiady

Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Signal Acquisition and Processing, 2009

A Pattern Matching Technique for Multiple Sequences Alignment with GAP Consideration.

Hassan Mathkour, Muneer Ahmad

Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Signal Acquisition and Processing, 2009

2008

On the Transformation of Object Oriented-Based Systems to Component-Based Systems.

Hassan Mathkour, Ameur Touir, Hind Hakami, Ghazy M. R. Assassa

Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems, 2008

On The Development of an Automated Graphology System.

Pervez Ahmed, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2008

2007

Breaking the F5 Algorith: An Improved Approach.

Hatim A. Aboalsamh, Sami A. Dokheekh, Hassan Mathkour, Ghazy M. R. Assassa

Egypt. Comput. Sci. J., 2007

On an Arabic Text Segmentation Technique.

Waleed Al-Sanie, Hassan Mathkour, Ameur Touir

Proceedings of the iiWAS'2007, 2007

2006

A Pattern-Oriented Framework for Text Processing and Summarization.

Waleed Al-Sanie, Ameur Touir, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the iiWAS'2006, 2006

2005

An RST Computational Tool for the Arabic Language.

Amal Seif, Hassan Mathkour, Ameur Touir

Proceedings of the iiWAS'2005, 2005

Towards a Suitable Rhetorical Representation for Arabic Text Summarization.

Waleed Al-Sanie, Ameur Touir, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the iiWAS'2005, 2005

Automatic Information Classifier Using Rhetorical Structure Theory.

Hassan Mathkour, Ameur Touir, Waleed Al-Sanie

Proceedings of the Intelligent Information Processing and Web Mining, 2005

Towards a Rhetorical Parsing of Arabic Text.

Waleed Al-Sanie, Ameur Touir, Hassan Mathkour

Proceedings of the 2005 International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Modelling Control and Automation (CIMCA 2005), 2005

2003

An E-Business-Oriented Pattern Language.

Ameur Touir, Hassan Mathkour

Egypt. Comput. Sci. J., 2003

NIE: An Approach for Extracting Information from Narrative Web Information Sources.

Hassan Mathkour, Abad Shah

Proceedings of the iiWAS'2003, 2003

2001

Framework for the Development of Web Applications.

Hassan Mathkour, Abad Shah

Proceedings of the World Multiconference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, 2001

2000

Transforming an Imperative Design into an Object-Oriented Design.

Abad Shah, Hassan Mathkour

J. King Saud Univ. Comput. Inf. Sci., 2000