James C. Lester

Orcid: 0000-0003-1481-6601

According to our database1, James C. Lester authored at least 311 papers between 1996 and 2024.

Collaborative distances:
  • Dijkstra number2 of four.
  • Erdős number3 of four.

Timeline

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Bibliography

2024
Towards Attention-Based Automatic Misconception Identification in Introductory Programming Courses.
Proceedings of the 55th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2024

Supporting Upper Elementary Students in Learning AI Concepts with Story-Driven Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2024

Online Reinforcement Learning-Based Pedagogical Planning for Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2024

2023
If We Build It, Will They Learn? An Analysis of Students' Understanding in an Interactive Game During and After a Research Project.
Technol. Knowl. Learn., December, 2023

Lessons Learned for AI Education with Elementary Students and Teachers.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., June, 2023

Early prediction of student knowledge in game-based learning with distributed representations of assessment questions.
Br. J. Educ. Technol., January, 2023

Is Elementary AI Education Possible?
Proceedings of the 54th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, Volume 2, 2023

Effects of Modalities in Detecting Behavioral Engagement in Collaborative Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the LAK 2023: 13th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, 2023

Multimodal Predictive Student Modeling with Multi-Task Transfer Learning.
Proceedings of the LAK 2023: 13th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, 2023

Fostering Upper Elementary AI Education: Iteratively Refining a Use-Modify-Create Scaffolding Progression for AI Planning.
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 2, 2023

Assessing the Complexity of Gaming Mechanics During Science Learning.
Proceedings of the Games and Learning Alliance - 12th International Conference, 2023

Examining the Relationship of Gameplay and Learning in a Narrative-Centered Digital Game for Science Education.
Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Games, 2023

End-to-End Procedural Level Generation in Educational Games with Natural Language Instruction.
Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Games, 2023

SceneCraft: Automating Interactive Narrative Scene Generation in Digital Games with Large Language Models.
Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2023

Language Model-Based Player Goal Recognition in Open World Digital Games.
Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2023

Towards a Multimodal Data-driven Framework for Adaptive Coaching in Collective Simulation-Based Training.
Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on AI to Support Guided Experiential Learning (AI-GEL 2023) Co-located with the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED 2023), 2023

Robust Team Communication Analytics with Transformer-Based Dialogue Modeling.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 24th International Conference, 2023

It's Good to Explore: Investigating Silver Pathways and the Role of Frustration During Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners, Doctoral Consortium and Blue Sky, 2023

Enhancing Stealth Assessment in Collaborative Game-Based Learning with Multi-task Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 24th International Conference, 2023

Language Modeling for Plan Generation in Game-Base Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Workshop on Empowering Education with LLMs, 2023

Enhancing Engagement Modeling in Game-Based Learning Environments with Student-Agent Discourse Analysis.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners, Doctoral Consortium and Blue Sky, 2023

Improving Classroom Dialogue Act Recognition from Limited Labeled Data with Self-Supervised Contrastive Learning Classifiers.
Proceedings of the Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023, 2023

2022
Investigating a visual interface for elementary students to formulate AI planning tasks.
J. Comput. Lang., 2022

Affective Dynamics and Cognition During Game-Based Learning.
IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput., 2022

A learning analytics approach towards understanding collaborative inquiry in a problem-based learning environment.
Br. J. Educ. Technol., 2022

Disruptive Talk Detection in Multi-Party Dialogue within Collaborative Learning Environments with a Regularized User-Aware Network.
Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue, 2022

Principles for AI Education for Elementary Grades Students.
Proceedings of the ITiCSE 2022: Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, Dublin, Ireland, July 8, 2022

PrimaryAI: Co-Designing Immersive Problem-Based Learning for Upper Elementary Student Learning of AI Concepts and Practices.
Proceedings of the ITiCSE 2022: Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, Dublin, Ireland, July 8, 2022

Enhancing Stealth Assessment in Game-Based Learning Environments with Generative Zero-Shot Learning.
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2022

Enhancing Multimodal Goal Recognition in Open-World Games with Natural Language Player Reflections.
Proceedings of the Eighteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2022

Robust Player Plan Recognition in Digital Games with Multi-Task Multi-Label Learning.
Proceedings of the Eighteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2022

Investigating Student Interest and Engagement in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 23rd International Conference, 2022

Leveraging Student Goal Setting for Real-Time Plan Recognition in Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 23rd International Conference, 2022

Robust Adaptive Scaffolding with Inverse Reinforcement Learning-Based Reward Design.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners' and Doctoral Consortium, 2022

Multimodal Behavioral Disengagement Detection for Collaborative Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education. Posters and Late Breaking Results, Workshops and Tutorials, Industry and Innovation Tracks, Practitioners' and Doctoral Consortium, 2022

2021
Game-Based Learning Analytics for Supporting Adolescents' Reflection.
J. Learn. Anal., September, 2021

Predictive Student Modeling in Game-Based Learning Environments with Word Embedding Representations of Reflection.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2021

Designing a Visual Interface for Elementary Students to Formulate AI Planning Tasks.
Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing, 2021

Progression Trajectory-Based Student Modeling for Novice Block-Based Programming.
Proceedings of the 29th ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 2021

Exploring Novice Programmers' Hint Requests in an Intelligent Block-Based Coding Environment.
Proceedings of the SIGCSE '21: The 52nd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2021

How do Elementary Students Conceptualize Artificial Intelligence?
Proceedings of the SIGCSE '21: The 52nd ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2021

AI and the Future of Education.
Proceedings of the MM '21: ACM Multimedia Conference, Virtual Event, China, October 20, 2021

Detecting Disruptive Talk in Student Chat-Based Discussion within Collaborative Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the LAK'21: 11th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, 2021

Investigating Student Reflection during Game-Based Learning in Middle Grades Science.
Proceedings of the LAK'21: 11th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference, 2021

Supporting Students' Computer Science Learning with a Game-based Learning Environment that Integrates a Use-Modify-Create Scaffolding Framework.
Proceedings of the ITiCSE '21: Proceedings of the 26th ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V.1, Virtual Event, Germany, June 26, 2021

What's Fair is Fair: Detecting and Mitigating Encoded Bias in Multimodal Models of Museum Visitor Attention.
Proceedings of the ICMI '21: International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 2021

"What's Important to You, Max?": The Influence of Goals on Engagement in an Interactive Narrative for Adolescent Health Behavior Change.
Proceedings of the Interactive Storytelling, 2021

Early Prediction of Museum Visitor Engagement with Multimodal Adversarial Domain Adaptation.
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2021

Modeling Frustration Trajectories and Problem-Solving Behaviors in Adaptive Learning Environments for Introductory Computer Science.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 22nd International Conference, 2021

Developing Adaptive Team Coaching in GIFT: A Data-Driven Approach.
Proceedings of the Challenges and Advances in Team Tutoring Workshop held in conjunction with the 22nd Artificial Intelligence in Education Conference (AIED 2021), 2021

Multidimensional Team Communication Modeling for Adaptive Team Training: A Hybrid Deep Learning and Graphical Modeling Framework.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 22nd International Conference, 2021

Multimodal Multi-Task Stealth Assessment for Reflection-Enriched Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Multimodal Artificial Intelligence in Education (MAIED 2021) At the 22nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIED 2021), 2021

Adaptively Scaffolding Cognitive Engagement with Batch Constrained Deep Q-Networks.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 22nd International Conference, 2021

Multimodal Trajectory Analysis of Visitor Engagement with Interactive Science Museum Exhibits.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 22nd International Conference, 2021

Exploration of Team Communication Behaviors from a Live Training Event.
Proceedings of the Advances in Human Factors in Training, Education, and Learning Sciences, 2021

Enhancing Multimodal Affect Recognition with Multi-Task Affective Dynamics Modeling.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2021

AI-Infused Collaborative Inquiry in Upper Elementary School: A Game-Based Learning Approach.
Proceedings of the Thirty-Fifth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2021

2020
DeepStealth: Game-Based Learning Stealth Assessment With Deep Neural Networks.
IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol., 2020

The agency effect: The impact of student agency on learning, emotions, and problem-solving behaviors in a game-based learning environment.
Comput. Educ., 2020

Multimodal learning analytics for game-based learning.
Br. J. Educ. Technol., 2020

The Impact of Contextualized Emotions on Self-Regulated Learning and Scientific Reasoning during Learning with a Game-Based Learning Environment.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2020

Predictive Student Modeling in Block-Based Programming Environments with Bayesian Hierarchical Models.
Proceedings of the 28th ACM Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 2020

Cluster-Based Analysis of Novice Coding Misconceptions in Block-Based Programming.
Proceedings of the 51st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2020

Exploring Middle School Students' Reflections on the Infusion of CS into Science Classrooms.
Proceedings of the 51st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2020

A Conceptual Assessment Framework for K-12 Computer Science Rubric Design.
Proceedings of the 51st ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2020

Designing a Collaborative Game-Based Learning Environment for AI-Infused Inquiry Learning in Elementary School Classrooms.
Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, 2020

The Relationship of Gender, Experiential, and Psychological Factors to Achievement in Computer Science.
Proceedings of the 2020 ACM Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, 2020

Enhancing Affect Detection in Game-Based Learning Environments with Multimodal Conditional Generative Modeling.
Proceedings of the ICMI '20: International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 2020

Early Prediction of Visitor Engagement in Science Museums with Multimodal Learning Analytics.
Proceedings of the ICMI '20: International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 2020

Using Activity Theory to Understand the Synergy Between Human and Computer Support in Collaborative Inquiry Learning.
Proceedings of the Interdisciplinarity in the Learning Sciences: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of the Learning Sciences, 2020

Supporting Collaboration: From Learning Analytics to Teacher Dashboards.
Proceedings of the Interdisciplinarity in the Learning Sciences: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of the Learning Sciences, 2020

Student Reflections on Pair Programming in Middle School: A Thematic Analysis.
Proceedings of the Interdisciplinarity in the Learning Sciences: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of the Learning Sciences, 2020

Designing Intelligent Cognitive Assistants With Teachers to Support Classroom Orchestration of Collaborative Inquiry.
Proceedings of the Interdisciplinarity in the Learning Sciences: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference of the Learning Sciences, 2020

Enhancing Student Competency Models for Game-Based Learning with a Hybrid Stealth Assessment Framework.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2020

A Data-Driven Approach to Automatically Assessing Concept-Level CS Competencies Based on Student Programs.
Proceedings of 4th Educational Data Mining in Computer Science Education (CSEDM) Workshop co-located with the 13th Educational Data Mining Conference (EDM 2020), 2020

Automated Assessment of Computer Science Competencies from Student Programs with Gaussian Process Regression.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2020

Promoting Computer Science Learning with Block-Based Programming and Narrative-Centered Gameplay.
Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Games, 2020

Generating Game Levels for Multiple Distinct Games with a Common Latent Space.
Proceedings of the Sixteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2020

Multimodal Player Affect Modeling with Auxiliary Classifier Generative Adversarial Networks.
Proceedings of the Sixteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2020

Generating Game Levels to Develop Computer Science Competencies in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 21st International Conference, 2020

Improving Affect Detection in Game-Based Learning with Multimodal Data Fusion.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 21st International Conference, 2020

Investigating Visitor Engagement in Interactive Science Museum Exhibits with Multimodal Bayesian Hierarchical Models.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 21st International Conference, 2020

Automated Analysis of Middle School Students' Written Reflections During Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 21st International Conference, 2020

Detecting Off-Task Behavior from Student Dialogue in Game-Based Collaborative Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 21st International Conference, 2020

Predictive Student Modeling in Educational Games with Multi-Task Learning.
Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2020

2019
A Multimodal Assessment Framework for Integrating Student Writing and Drawing in Elementary Science Learning.
IEEE Trans. Learn. Technol., 2019

Development of a Lean Computational Thinking Abilities Assessment for Middle Grades Students.
Proceedings of the 50th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2019

Assessing Middle School Students' Computational Thinking Through Programming Trajectory Analysis.
Proceedings of the 50th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2019

Designing and Developing Interactive Narratives for Collaborative Problem-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Interactive Storytelling, 2019

Predicting Challenge Outcomes for Students in a Digital Game for Learning Genetics.
Proceedings of the Joint Proceedings of the Workshops of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining co-located with the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2019

Sensor-based Data Fusion for Multimodal Affect Detection in Game-based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Joint Proceedings of the Workshops of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining co-located with the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2019

Predicting Early and Often: Predictive Student Modeling for Block-Based Programming Environments.
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2019

Assessing Collaborative Problem Solving in the Context of a Game-based Learning Environment.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, 2019

Supporting Collaborative Problem Solving in a Game-Based Learning Environment.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, 2019

Intelligent Cognitive Assistants to Support Orchestration in CSCL.
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning, 2019

Generating Educational Game Levels with Multistep Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks.
Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Games, 2019

Take the Initiative: Mixed Initiative Dialogue Policies for Pedagogical Agents in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 20th International Conference, 2019

Toward Computational Models of Team Effectiveness with Natural Language Processing.
Proceedings of the Approaches and Challenges in Team Tutoring Workshop held in conjunction with the 20th Artificial Intelligence in Education Conference (AIED 2019), 2019

Predicting Dialogue Breakdown in Conversational Pedagogical Agents with Multimodal LSTMs.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 20th International Conference, 2019

4D Affect Detection: Improving Frustration Detection in Game-Based Learning with Posture-Based Temporal Data Fusion.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 20th International Conference, 2019

The Role of Achievement Goal Orientation on Metacognitive Process Use in Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 20th International Conference, 2019

Improving Sensor-Based Affect Detection with Multimodal Data Imputation.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2019

Toward the Application of Anticipatory Thinking in Support of Risk Identification.
Proceedings of the Short Paper Proceedings of the Workshop on Cognitive Systems for Anticipatory Thinking (COGSAT 2019) co-located with the AAAI Fall Symposium 2019, 2019

2018
Pedagogical Agents: Back to the Future.
AI Mag., 2018

Special Issue on the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT): Creating a Stable and Flexible Platform for Innovations in AIED Research.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2018

Detecting and Addressing Frustration in a Serious Game for Military Training.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2018

Infusing computational thinking into middle grade science classrooms: lessons learned.
Proceedings of the 13th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education, 2018

Gaze-Enhanced Student Modeling for Game-based Learning.
Proceedings of the 26th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 2018

Introducing the Computer Science Concept of Variables in Middle School Science Classrooms.
Proceedings of the 49th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2018

Identifying How Metacognitive Judgments Influence Student Performance During Learning with MetaTutorIVH.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 14th International Conference, 2018

High-Fidelity Simulated Players for Interactive Narrative Planning.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2018

User Affect and No-Match Dialogue Scenarios: An Analysis of Facial Expression.
Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Multimodal Analyses Enabling Artificial Agents in Human-Machine Interaction, 2018

Scaffolding Peer Facilitation in Computer-Supported Problem-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Rethinking learning in the digital age: Making the Learning Sciences count, 2018

Filtered Time Series Analyses of Student Problem-Solving Behaviors in Game-based Learning.
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2018

Improving Stealth Assessment in Game-based Learning with LSTM-based Analytics.
Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2018

Towards Adaptive Support for Anticipatory Thinking.
Proceedings of the Technology, Mind, and Society Conference, 2018

Affect-Based Early Prediction of Player Mental Demand and Engagement for Educational Games.
Proceedings of the Fourteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2018

Modeling Player Engagement with Bayesian Hierarchical Models.
Proceedings of the Fourteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2018

Impact of Learner-Centered Affective Dynamics on Metacognitive Judgements and Performance in Advanced Learning Technologies.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 19th International Conference, 2018

2017
Play in the Museum: Design and Development of a Game-Based Learning Exhibit for Informal Science Education.
Int. J. Gaming Comput. Mediat. Simulations, 2017

Using multi-channel data with multi-level modeling to assess in-game performance during gameplay with Crystal Island.
Comput. Hum. Behav., 2017

Do You Think You Can? The Influence of Student Self-Efficacy on the Effectiveness of Tutorial Dialogue for Computer Science.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2017

Enhancing Student Models in Game-based Learning with Facial Expression Recognition.
Proceedings of the 25th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 2017

Interactive Narrative Personalization with Deep Reinforcement Learning.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2017

Simulating Player Behavior for Data-Driven Interactive Narrative Personalization.
Proceedings of the Thirteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE-17), 2017

Multimodal Goal Recognition in Open-World Digital Games.
Proceedings of the Thirteenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment (AIIDE-17), 2017

Is More Agency Better? The Impact of Student Agency on Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 18th International Conference, 2017

Balancing Learning and Engagement in Game-Based Learning Environments with Multi-objective Reinforcement Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 18th International Conference, 2017

"Thanks Alisha, Keep in Touch": Gender Effects and Engagement with Virtual Learning Companions.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 18th International Conference, 2017

Affect Dynamics in Military Trainees Using vMedic: From Engaged Concentration to Boredom to Confusion.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 18th International Conference, 2017

Inducing Stealth Assessors from Game Interaction Data.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 18th International Conference, 2017

Toward affect-sensitive virtual human tutors: The influence of facial expressions on learning and emotion.
Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2017

Deep LSTM-Based Goal Recognition Models for Open-World Digital Games.
Proceedings of the Workshops of the The Thirty-First AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2017

Perspectives on learning with multimodal technology.
Proceedings of the Handbook of Multimodal-Multisensor Interfaces: Foundations, User Modeling, and Common Modality Combinations, 2017

2016
Collaboration and Gender Equity in Game-Based Learning for Middle School Computer Science.
Comput. Sci. Eng., 2016

Face-to-Face Interaction with Pedagogical Agents, Twenty Years Later.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2016

Gender Differences in Facial Expressions of Affect During Learning.
Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on User Modeling Adaptation and Personalization, 2016

Empowering All Students: Closing the CS Confidence Gap with an In-School Initiative for Middle School Students.
Proceedings of the 47th ACM Technical Symposium on Computing Science Education, 2016

Predicting Learning from Student Affective Response to Tutor Questions.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 13th International Conference, 2016

Using Multi-level Modeling with Eye-Tracking Data to Predict Metacognitive Monitoring and Self-regulated Learning with Crystal Island.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 13th International Conference, 2016

Integrating Real-Time Drawing and Writing Diagnostic Models: An Evidence-Centered Design Framework for Multimodal Science Assessment.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 13th International Conference, 2016

Player Goal Recognition in Open-World Digital Games with Long Short-Term Memory Networks.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2016

Decomposing Drama Management in Educational Interactive Narrative: A Modular Reinforcement Learning Approach.
Proceedings of the Interactive Storytelling, 2016

The Affective Impact of Tutor Questions: Predicting Frustration and Engagement.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2016

Predicting Dialogue Acts for Intelligent Virtual Agents with Multimodal Student Interaction Data.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2016

Mining Sequences of Gameplay for Embedded Assessment in Collaborative Learning.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2016

A Generalized Multidimensional Evaluation Framework for Player Goal Recognition.
Proceedings of the Twelfth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2016

2015
The Mars and Venus Effect: The Influence of User Gender on the Effectiveness of Adaptive Task Support.
Proceedings of the User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 2015

Diagrammatic Student Models: Modeling Student Drawing Performance with Deep Learning.
Proceedings of the User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization, 2015

JavaTutor: An Intelligent Tutoring System that Adapts to Cognitive and Affective States during Computer Programming.
Proceedings of the 46th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2015

A Practical Guide to Developing and Validating Computer Science Knowledge Assessments with Application to Middle School.
Proceedings of the 46th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2015

ENGAGE: A Game-based Learning Environment for Middle School Computational Thinking.
Proceedings of the 46th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2015

Classifying student dialogue acts with multimodal learning analytics.
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Learning Analytics And Knowledge, 2015

Sensor-Free or Sensor-Full: A Comparison of Data Modalities in Multi-Channel Affect Detection.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2015

Designing Story-Centric Games for Player Emotion: A Theoretical Perspective.
Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Intelligent Narrative Technologies and 4th Workshop on Social Believability in Games, 2015

AI and Ed: A Happy Open Marriage.
Proceedings of the Workshops at the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2015

Opportunities and Challenges in Generalizable Sensor-Based Affect Recognition for Learning.
Proceedings of the Workshops at the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2015

Improving Student Problem Solving in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments: a Modular Reinforcement Learning Framework.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 17th International Conference, 2015

DeepStealth: Leveraging Deep Learning Models for Stealth Assessment in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 17th International Conference, 2015

Two Modes are Better Than One: a Multimodal Assessment Framework Integrating Student Writing and Drawing.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 17th International Conference, 2015

Modeling Self-Efficacy Across Age Groups with Automatically Tracked Facial Expression.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 17th International Conference, 2015

Mind the Gap: Improving Gender Equity in Game-Based Learning Environments with Learning Companions.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 17th International Conference, 2015

NCSU_SAS_SAM: Deep Encoding and Reconstruction for Normalization of Noisy Text.
Proceedings of the Workshop on Noisy User-generated Text, 2015

2014
A Supervised Learning Framework for Modeling Director Agent Strategies in Educational Interactive Narrative.
IEEE Trans. Comput. Intell. AI Games, 2014

Affect and Engagement in Game-BasedLearning Environments.
IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput., 2014

Designing game-based learning environments for elementary science education: A narrative-centered learning perspective.
Inf. Sci., 2014

Generalizability of Goal Recognition Models in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 2014

The relationship between task difficulty and emotion in online computer programming tutoring (abstract only).
Proceedings of the 45th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2014

Assessing elementary students' science competency with text analytics.
Proceedings of the Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference 2014, 2014

Serious Games Go Informal: A Museum-Centric Perspective on Intelligent Game-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 12th International Conference, 2014

Leveraging Semi-Supervised Learning to Predict Student Problem-Solving Performance in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 12th International Conference, 2014

Predicting Learning and Engagement in Tutorial Dialogue: A Personality-Based Model.
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 2014

The Additive Value of Multimodal Features for Predicting Engagement, Frustration, and Learning during Tutoring.
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 2014

Play in the museum: Designing game-based learning environments for informal education settings.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, 2014

FLARE: An open source toolkit for creating expressive user interfaces for serious games.
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, 2014

SKETCHMINER: Mining Learner-Generated Science Drawings with Topological Abstraction.
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2014

Predicting Learning and Affect from Multimodal Data Streams in Task-Oriented Tutorial Dialogue.
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2014

Towards Domain-Independent Assessment of Elementary Students' Science Competency using Soft Cardinality.
Proceedings of the Ninth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications, 2014

Optimizing Player Experience in Interactive Narrative Planning: A Modular Reinforcement Learning Approach.
Proceedings of the Tenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2014

Deep Learning-Based Goal Recognition in Open-Ended Digital Games.
Proceedings of the Tenth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2014

2013
Learner characteristics and dialogue: recognising effective and student-adaptive tutorial strategies.
Int. J. Learn. Technol., 2013

Serious Games Get Smart: Intelligent Game-Based Learning Environments.
AI Mag., 2013

Understanding and Predicting Student Self-Regulated Learning Strategies in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2013

Utilizing Dynamic Bayes Nets to Improve Early Prediction Models of Self-regulated Learning.
Proceedings of the User Modeling, Adaptation, and Personalization, 2013

Evaluating State Representations for Reinforcement Learning of Turn-Taking Policies in Tutorial Dialogue.
Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2013 Conference, 2013

Learning Dialogue Management Models for Task-Oriented Dialogue with Parallel Dialogue and Task Streams.
Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2013 Conference, 2013

Modeling student programming with multimodal learning analytics (abstract only).
Proceedings of the 44th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2013

Automatically Recognizing Facial Expression: Predicting Engagement and Frustration.
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2013

A Modular Reinforcement Learning Framework for Interactive Narrative Planning.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies VI, 2013

Improving Goal Recognition in Interactive Narratives with Models of Narrative Discovery Events.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies VI, 2013

Discovering Behavior Patterns of Self-Regulated Learners in an Inquiry-Based Learning Environment.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 16th International Conference, 2013

Run-Time Affect Modeling in a Serious Game with the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring.
Proceedings of the Workshops at the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education AIED 2013, 2013

Embedded Scaffolding for Reading Comprehension in Open-Ended Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Workshops at the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education AIED 2013, 2013

When to Intervene: Toward a Markov Decision Process Dialogue Policy for Computer Science Tutoring.
Proceedings of the Workshops at the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education AIED 2013, 2013

A Markov Decision Process Model of Tutorial Intervention in Task-Oriented Dialogue.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 16th International Conference, 2013

Personalizing Embedded Assessment Sequences in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments: A Collaborative Filtering Approach.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 16th International Conference, 2013

Embodied Affect in Tutorial Dialogue: Student Gesture and Posture.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 16th International Conference, 2013

Automatically Recognizing Facial Indicators of Frustration: A Learning-centric Analysis.
Proceedings of the 2013 Humaine Association Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2013

2012
Enhancing 5th graders' science content knowledge and self-efficacy through game-based learning.
Comput. Educ., 2012

Reports of the AAAI 2011 Fall Symposia.
AI Mag., 2012

From Strangers to Partners: Examining Convergence within a Longitudinal Study of Task-Oriented Dialogue.
Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2012 Conference, 2012

Combining Verbal and Nonverbal Features to Overcome the "Information Gap" in Task-Oriented Dialogue.
Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2012 Conference, 2012

The Role of Sub-problems: Supporting Problem Solving in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 11th International Conference, 2012

Predicting Student Self-regulation Strategies in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 11th International Conference, 2012

Exploring Inquiry-Based Problem-Solving Strategies in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 11th International Conference, 2012

Real-Time Narrative-Centered Tutorial Planning for Story-Based Learning.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 11th International Conference, 2012

Toward a Machine Learning Framework for Understanding Affective Tutorial Interaction.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems - 11th International Conference, 2012

Toward Narrative Schema-Based Goal Recognition Models for Interactive Narrative Environments.
Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Intelligent Narrative Technologies, 2012

Expressive NLG for Next-Generation Learning Environments: Language, Affect, and Narrative.
Proceedings of the INLG 2012 - Proceedings of the Seventh International Natural Language Generation Conference, 30 May 2012, 2012

Multimodal analysis of the implicit affective channel in computer-mediated textual communication.
Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, 2012

Recognizing Effective and Student-Adaptive Tutor Moves in Task-Oriented Tutorial Dialogue.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, 2012

Analyzing Posture and Affect in Task-Oriented Tutoring.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, 2012

Early Prediction of Student Self-Regulation Strategies by Combining Multiple Models.
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, 2012

Goal Recognition with Markov Logic Networks for Player-Adaptive Games.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2012

2011
Integrating Learning, Problem Solving, and Engagement in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2011

Investigating the Relationship Between Dialogue Structure and Tutoring Effectiveness: A Hidden Markov Modeling Approach.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2011

The Impact of Task-Oriented Feature Sets on HMMs for Dialogue Modeling.
Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2011 Conference, 2011

Director Agent Intervention Strategies for Interactive Narrative Environments.
Proceedings of the Interactive Storytelling, 2011

Learning a Tutorial Dialogue Policy for Delayed Feedback.
Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth International Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conference, 2011

Learning Director Agent Strategies: An Inductive Framework for Modeling Director Agents.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies IV, 2011

Towards a Computational Model of Narrative Visualization.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies IV, 2011

Early Prediction of Cognitive Tool Use in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 15th International Conference, 2011

When Off-Task is On-Task: The Affective Role of Off-Task Behavior in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 15th International Conference, 2011

Modeling Narrative-Centered Tutorial Decision Making in Guided Discovery Learning.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 15th International Conference, 2011

Modeling Confusion: Facial Expression, Task, and Discourse in Task-Oriented Tutorial Dialogue.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education - 15th International Conference, 2011

An Affect-Enriched Dialogue Act Classification Model for Task-Oriented Dialogue.
Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2011

Generalizing Models of Student Affect in Game-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2011

Modeling Learner Affect with Theoretically Grounded Dynamic Bayesian Networks.
Proceedings of the Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2011

Affect, Learning, and Delight.
Proceedings of the Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2011

Predicting Facial Indicators of Confusion with Hidden Markov Models.
Proceedings of the Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2011

2010
Affective Transitions in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
J. Educ. Technol. Soc., 2010

Exploring the Effectiveness of Lexical Ontologies for Modeling Temporal Relations with Markov Logic.
Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2010 Conference, 2010

Dialogue Act Modeling in a Complex Task-Oriented Domain.
Proceedings of the SIGDIAL 2010 Conference, 2010

Principles of asking effective questions during student problem solving.
Proceedings of the 41st ACM technical symposium on Computer science education, 2010

NCSU: Modeling Temporal Relations with Markov Logic and Lexical Ontology.
Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, 2010

Integrating Learning and Engagement in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 10th International Conference, 2010

Developing Empirically Based Student Personality Profiles for Affective Feedback Models.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 10th International Conference, 2010

Optimizing Story-Based Learning: An Investigation of Student Narrative Profiles.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 10th International Conference, 2010

Characterizing the Effectiveness of Tutorial Dialogue with Hidden Markov Models.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 10th International Conference, 2010

A framework for narrative adaptation in interactive story-based learning environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies III Workshop, 2010

Investigating director agents' decision making in interactive narrative: a Wizard-of-Oz study.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies III Workshop, 2010

Individual differences in gameplay and learning: a narrative-centered learning perspective.
Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games, 2010

A Preliminary Investigation of Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models for Tutorial Planning.
Proceedings of the Educational Data Mining 2010, 2010

Modeling User Knowledge with Dynamic Bayesian Networks in Interactive Narrative Environments.
Proceedings of the Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment, 2010

2009
Modelling affect expression and recognition in an interactive learning environment.
Int. J. Learn. Technol., 2009

Investigating the role of student motivation in computer science education through one-on-one tutoring.
Comput. Sci. Educ., 2009

The impact of instructor initiative on student learning: a tutoring study.
Proceedings of the 40th SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, 2009

Modeling Dialogue Structure with Adjacency Pair Analysis and Hidden Markov Models.
Proceedings of the Human Language Technologies: Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association of Computational Linguistics, Proceedings, May 31, 2009

Predicting User Psychological Characteristics from Interactions with Empathetic Virtual Agents.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Virtual Agents, 9th International Conference, 2009

Inferring Tutorial Dialogue Structure with Hidden Markov Modeling.
Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications, 2009

The 2nd Workshop on Question Generation.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Learning Systems that Care: From Knowledge Representation to Affective Modelling, 2009

Off-Task Behavior in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Learning Systems that Care: From Knowledge Representation to Affective Modelling, 2009

Modeling Task-Based vs. Affect-based Feedback Behavior in Pedagogical Agents: An Inductive Approach.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Learning Systems that Care: From Knowledge Representation to Affective Modelling, 2009

Discovering Tutorial Dialogue Strategies with Hidden Markov Models.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education: Building Learning Systems that Care: From Knowledge Representation to Affective Modelling, 2009

Evaluating the consequences of affective feedback in intelligent tutoring systems.
Proceedings of the Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2009

STORYEVAL: An Empirical Evaluation Framework for Narrative Generation.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies II, 2009

Narrative-Centered Learning Environments: A Self-Regulated Learning Perspective.
Proceedings of the Cognitive and Metacognitive Educational Systems, 2009

2008
Modeling self-efficacy in intelligent tutoring systems: An inductive approach.
User Model. User Adapt. Interact., 2008

Archetype-Driven Character Dialogue Generation for Interactive Narrative.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Virtual Agents, 8th International Conference, 2008

Story-Based Learning: The Impact of Narrative on Learning Experiences and Outcomes.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 9th International Conference, 2008

Student Note-Taking in Narrative-Centered Learning Environments: Individual Differences and Learning Effects.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 9th International Conference, 2008

Balancing Cognitive and Motivational Scaffolding in Tutorial Dialogue.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 9th International Conference, 2008

A development environment for distributed synchronous collaborative programming.
Proceedings of the 13th Annual SIGCSE Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, 2008

The effects of empathetic virtual characters on presence in narrative-centered learning environments.
Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2008

Modeling parallel and reactive empathy in virtual agents: an inductive approach.
Proceedings of the 7th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2008), 2008

2007
Modeling and evaluating empathy in embodied companion agents.
Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud., 2007

Inducing User Affect Recognition Models for Task-Oriented Environments.
Proceedings of the User Modeling 2007, 11th International Conference, 2007

The Influence of Learner Characteristics on Task-Oriented Tutorial Dialogue.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Education, 2007

Early Prediction of Student Frustration.
Proceedings of the Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, 2007

Narrative Presence in Intelligent Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Narrative Technologies, 2007

2006
Reflections on the KVL Tutoring Framework: Past, Present, and Future.
Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ., 2006

Narrative-Centered Tutorial Planning for Inquiry-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 8th International Conference, 2006

Diagnosing Self-efficacy in Intelligent Tutoring Systems: An Empirical Study.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 8th International Conference, 2006

U-director: a decision-theoretic narrative planning architecture for storytelling environments.
Proceedings of the 5th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2006), 2006

Learning empathy: a data-driven framework for modeling empathetic companion agents.
Proceedings of the 5th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (AAMAS 2006), 2006

Predicting User Physiological Response for Interactive Environments: An Inductive Approach.
Proceedings of the Second Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment Conference, 2006

Probabilistic Goal Recognition in Interactive Narrative Environments.
Proceedings of the Proceedings, 2006

2005
The Role of Syntactic Analysis in Textual Case Retrieval.
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, 2005

2004
Conversational Agents.
Proceedings of the Practical Handbook of Internet Computing., 2004


Dialogue Management for Conversational Case-Based Reasoning.
Proceedings of the Advances in Case-Based Reasoning, 7th European Conference, 2004

2002
Narrative prose generation.
Artif. Intell., 2002

Pronominalization in Generated Discourse and Dialogue.
Proceedings of the 40th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2002

2001
Introduction to the Special Issue on Intelligent User Interfaces.
AI Mag., 2001

1999
Lifelike Pedagogical Agents for Mixed-initiative Problem Solving in Constructivist Learning Environments.
User Model. User Adapt. Interact., 1999

Intelligent multi-shot 3D visualization interfaces.
Knowl. Based Syst., 1999

Deictic Believability: Coordinated Gesture, Locomotion, and Speech in Lifelike Pedagogical Agents.
Appl. Artif. Intell., 1999

Intelligent Multi-Shot Visualization Interfaces for Dynamic 3D Worlds.
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, 1999

Integrating discourse and domain knowledge for document drafting.
Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, 1999

Explanatory Lifelike Evatars: Performing User-Centered Tasks in 3D Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference on Autonomous Agents, 1999

Student-Sensitive Multimodal Explanation Generation for 3D Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Sixteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Eleventh Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 1999

Lifelike Pedagogical Agents and Affective Computing: An Exploratory Synthesis.
Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence Today: Recent Trends and Developments, 1999

1998
Automating Judicial Document Drafting: A Discourse-Based Approach.
Artif. Intell. Law, 1998

Coherent Gestures, Locomotion, and Speech in Life-like Pedagogical Agents.
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, 1998

Task-sensitive Cinematography Interfaces for Interactive 3D Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, 1998

Visual Emotive Communication in Lifelike Pedagogical Agents.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 4th International Conference, 1998

Habitable 3D Learning Environments for Situated Learning.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, 4th International Conference, 1998

Natural Language Generation Journeys to Interactive 3D Worlds Invited Talk Extended Abstract.
Proceedings of the Ninth International Workshop on Natural Language Generation, 1998

Generating Coordinated Natural Language and 3D Animations for Complex Spatial Explanations.
Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Tenth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, 1998

Realtime Constraint-Based Cinematography for Complex Interactive 3D Worlds.
Proceedings of the Fifteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Tenth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, 1998

1997
Developing and Empirically Evaluating Robust Explanation Generators: The KNIGHT Experiments.
Comput. Linguistics, 1997

The Pedagogical Design Studio: Exploiting Artifact-Based Task Models for Constructivist Learning.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, 1997

Dynamically Imroving Explanations: A Revision-Based Approach to Explanation Generation.
Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 1997

Automated Drafting of Self-Explaining Documents.
Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, 1997

The Persona Effect: Affective Impact of Animated Pedagogical Agents.
Proceedings of the Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1997

Increasing Believability in Animated Pedagogical Agents.
Proceedings of the First International Conference on Autonomous Agents, 1997

Realtime Generation of Customized 3D Animated Explanations for Knowledge-Based Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Fourteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Ninth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, 1997

1996
Focusing Problem Solving in Design-Centered Learning Environments.
Proceedings of the Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Third International Conference, 1996

Justification Structures for Document Reuse.
Proceedings of the Advances in Case-Based Reasoning, Third European Workshop, 1996

Dynamically Sequencing an Animated Pedagogical Agent.
Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Eighth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, 1996

Scaling Up Explanation Generation: Large-Scale Knowledge Bases and Empirical Studies.
Proceedings of the Thirteenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Eighth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, 1996


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